基于MAXENT模型的松嫩平原丹顶鹤秋迁期生境适宜性评价  

Habitat Suitability Assessment of the Songnen Plain for Grus japonensis Based on MAXENT Modeling

作　　者：朱井丽[1] 高忠斯 邹红菲[1] 吴庆明[1] 杨宇博[1] 李全亮 陶蕊 黄华智 Zhu Jingli;Gao Zhongsi;Zou Hongfei;Wu Qingming;Yang Yubo;Li Quanliang;Tao Rui;Huang Huazhi(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2018年第4期852-857,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31770423;31401978;31470016;31470460);教育部中央高校基本科研业务费(2572017CA16)

摘　　要：生境适宜性评价为有效保护物种提供了理论基础。利用丹顶鹤分布数据点和环境变量数据,运用MAXENT模型对松嫩平原区域丹顶鹤的秋迁期生境适宜性进行评价分析,并探讨了丹顶鹤生境选择与环境因子的关系。研究结果表明:模型的评价结果达到优秀水平,影响丹顶鹤生境选择的主要因子为人为干扰距离、海拔、绿色植被指数和土壤亮度指数,生境适宜区主要分布于松嫩平原北部的平原地带,而西部有少量分布,适宜生境面积总和(包括最适宜和较适宜) 1125037. 72hm2,占研究区域面积的11. 99%。并对最适宜生境、较适宜生境和非适宜生境进行景观格局分析的结果表明,3种类型的栖息地破碎化均十分严重,连通度较低,且受到较大程度的人类活动的干扰。为更有效地保护松嫩平原的丹顶鹤及其生境,建议对自然保护区进行规划调整,构建以国家级自然保护区为核心的保护地体系。Habitat suitability assessment provides a theoretical basis for the effective protection of species.Based on published literature describing habitat use by red-crowned cranes(Grus japonensis),we used the MAXENT model to evaluate habitat suitability for red-crowned cranes on the Songnen Plain of northeast China during autumn.We investigated relationships between habitat selection and environmental factors.The main factors influencing the habitat selection of red-crowned cranes were distance to human disturbance,elevation,green vegetation index,and soil brightness index,and the suitable habitat were mainly distributed on the northern and western Songnen Plain.The total area of suitable habitat(including the optimal and suitable)was 11250 km 2,accounting for 12%of the study area.According to landscape structure analysis using FRAGSTATS,the optimal,suitable and unsuitable habitats all suffered severe fragmentation,low connectivity,and high levels of human disturbance.To more effectively protect red-crowned crane and its habitats on the Songnen Plain,we recommend that the nature reserves plan and adjust to build a protected area system with the national nature reserve as the core.

关 键 词：丹顶鹤 最大熵模型 生境适宜性 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]