生物淋滤对城市污泥重金属去除及形态变化的影响研究  

Effects of bioleaching on removal and morphological changes of heavy metals in sewage sludge

作　　者：祁丽 梅竹松[3] 邱春生 孙力平 骆尚廉[1,4] QI Li;MEI Zhusong;QIU Chunsheng;SUN Liping;LUO Shanglian(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Tianjin Chengjian University,Tianjin 300384;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology,Tianjin 300384;Hangzhou Urban&Rural Construction Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310026;Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering,Taiwan University,Taipei Taiwan 10673)

机构地区：[1]天津城建大学环境与市政工程学院,天津300384 [2]天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室,天津300384 [3]杭州市城乡建设设计院股份有限公司,浙江杭州310026 [4]台湾大学环境工程学研究所,台湾台北10673

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2018年第10期1116-1121,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51478291)

摘　　要：以氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans)为淋滤菌,对城市污泥进行生物淋滤,考察淋滤过程中污泥重金属(Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr)的去除及其形态变化规律,并根据淋滤前后重金属形态分布探讨重金属的淋滤去除机制。结果表明,生物淋滤可有效去除城市污泥中的Cu、Zn和Ni,对Cr几乎没有去除。生物淋滤后,Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr 4种重金属的去除率分别为55.97%、47.66%、26.10%、2.10%。pH是影响Zn和Ni去除的主要因素,而Cu在低pH和高氧化还原电位(ORP)条件下更易去除。BCR形态分析表明,生物淋滤之后污泥中Cu、Zn和Ni的4种形态含量均发生了不同程度的改变,其生物有效性和迁移性得到有效控制。通过重金属形态变化规律间接得出,Cu的生物淋滤过程以直接机制为主,Zn和Ni的生物淋滤过程是直接机制和间接机制共同作用的结果。The bioleaching test of sewage sludge was carried out with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans as leaching bacteria.The removal and the morphological changes of heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr)in sewage sludge during bioleaching were investigated.Based on the distribution of heavy metals before and after leaching,the leaching mechanism of heavy metals were discussed.The results showed that bioleaching could effectively remove Cu,Zn and Ni in municipal sludge,and hardly removed Cr.The removal rates of Cu,Zn,Ni and Cr by leaching were 55.97%,47.66%,26.10%and 2.10%,respectively.pH was the main factor that affected the removal of Zn and Ni,while it was easier to remove Cu at low pH and high ORP conditions.The BCR morphology analysis showed that morphological mass concentration of Cu,Zn and Ni in the sludge changed after bioleaching,and their bioavailability and migration were effectively controlled.Finally,it is concluded that Cu in the sludge could be bioleached by direct mechanism,and the leaching of Zn and Ni were the result of direct and indirect mechanisms.

关 键 词：生物淋滤 重金属 形态变化 去除机制 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]