3种水生植物对富营养化水质的净化性能比较  

The comparative purification by three species of hydrophytes on the eutrophic water

作　　者：郑足红[1] 胡超[1] 王华伟 兰天翔 王立华[1] ZHENG Zuhong;HU Chao;WANG Huawei;LAN Tianxiang;WANG Lihua(College of Life Science and Technology,Hubei Engineering University,Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables,Xiaogan Hubei 432000;Hongshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan Hubei 430070)

机构地区：[1]湖北工程学院生命科学技术学院,特色果蔬质量安全控制湖北省重点实验室,湖北孝感432000 [2]武汉市洪山区疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2018年第10期1147-1151,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：湖北工程学院科学研究项目(No.201845);湖北省科技创新团队项目(No.T201716)。

摘　　要：选择芦苇、狐尾藻、菖蒲3种水生植物净化富营养化水体,考察了不同水生植物及组合对富营养化水体中硝酸盐氮、氨氮、TN、TP、COD、BOD5的去除效果。结果表明,菖蒲对氮、磷的去除效果明显优于芦苇和狐尾藻,狐尾藻在COD的去除上表现出一定的优势,而芦苇对BOD5的去除效果最加。在植物组合处理中,菖蒲+狐尾藻组合对氮、BOD5去除效果最佳,处理28d后,TN、BOD5去除率分别达80%、57%,芦苇+菖蒲组合对TP、COD去除效果优于其他组合,处理28d后,TP、COD去除率分别达87%、72%;处理过程中,狐尾藻生物量增长最多,且对芦苇、菖蒲具有明显的抑制作用,是3种植物中的优势物种。综合考虑水质净化效果及植物生长状况,菖蒲和芦苇可作为富营养化水体的净化植物,而狐尾藻则应该谨慎使用。Three hydrophytes,Phragmites communis,Acorus calamus,Myriophyllum aquaticum were chosen to purify the eutrophic water,the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,TN,TP,COD,BOD 5 were measured to investigate the purification efficiency of different hydrophytes or their combination.The results showed that the Acorus calamus presented better performance on nitrogen and phosphorous removal,Myriophyllum aquaticum achieved the highest COD removal rate and Phragmites communis was best for BOD 5 removal.The combination of Acorus calamus+Myriophyllum aquaticum presented the better nitrogen and COD removal efficiency,the TN,BOD 5 removal rate reached to 80%and 57%after 28 d of purification,while the combination of Phragmites communis+Acorus calamus showed the best properties on the phosphorous and COD removal,the TP and COD removal rate was 87%,72%after 28 d of treatment.Myriophyllum aquaticum had the greatest weight growth during the purification process and it could depress the growth of the co-existed hydrophytes.Base on the experiments result,the Phragmites communis and Acorus calamus could be used for the purification of eutrophic water,while the Myriophyllum aquaticum should be used in caution.

关 键 词：水生植物 水质净化 芦苇 菖蒲 狐尾藻 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]