中国荷斯坦牛乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定与分析  

Isolation,Identification and Analysis of Pathogen of Chinese Holstein Cow Mastitis

作　　者：唐程 郭佳禾 王梦琦[1] 倪炜[1] 毛永江[1] TANG Cheng;GUO Jiahe;WANG Mengqi;NI Wei;MAO Yongjiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院/扬州大学教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第10期116-120,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业自主创新基金项目[CX(17)1005];江苏省企业研究生工作站项目

摘　　要：为了解中国荷斯坦牛乳房炎的流行规律,于2014—2016年采集江苏省某奶牛场荷斯坦牛1 430份乳房炎奶样(有年龄记录的奶样1 046份),采用传统微生物鉴定方法和PCR技术对奶样进行细菌分离鉴定。结果显示,采样奶牛场患乳房炎母牛主要表现为单一感染,主要病原菌为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌,从青年母牛中分离到的病原菌最多,2岁奶牛乳房炎病原菌共分离出428份(40. 9%),其中,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌298份,占从2岁患乳房炎奶牛中分离出主要致病菌总数的69. 6%; 3岁奶牛乳房炎病原菌分离出548份(52. 4%),其中,237份为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、273份为大肠杆菌,分别占从3岁患乳房炎奶牛中分离出主要致病菌总数的43. 2%、49. 8%。病原菌主要分布在2014年(47. 9%)和2015年(49. 7%)。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌主要分布在夏季(22. 8%)和冬季(13. 2%),大肠杆菌主要分布在秋季207份(14. 5%)。可见,采样奶牛场乳房炎主要发生在青年母牛,乳房炎在夏季、秋季和冬季多发。In order to explore the epidemic law of Chinese Holstein cow mastitis,1 430 mastitis milk samples were collected from a Holstein dairy farm in Jiangsu province from 2014 to 2016,and traditional microbial identification methods and PCR techniques were used for isolation and identification of bacterial in milk samples.The results showed that most mastitis cows were singly infected by main pathogen,such as coagulase-negative Staphylococci,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.The most pathogenic bacteria was isolated from young cows.A total of 428(40.9%)pathogens causing mastitis were isolated from 2-year-old cow,of which 298(69.6%)were coagulase-negative Staphylococci,and 548(52.4%)pathogens were isolated from 3-year-old cow,237(43.2%)coagulase-negative Staphylococci and 273(49.8%)Escherichia coli were isolated.The pathogenic bacteria of mastitis were mainly distributed in 2014(47.9%)and 2015(49.7%).Coagulase-negative Staphylococci were mainly distributed in summer(22.8%)and winter(13.2%),and Escherichia coli was mainly distributed in autumn(207,14.5%).It can be seen that mastitis of sampled dairy cows mainly occurs in young ages,and mastitis occurs frequently in summer,autumn and winter.

关 键 词：中国荷斯坦牛 乳房炎 病原菌 分离鉴定 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]