人体水成分检测的方法学研究及临床应用  

Human Body Water Composition Measurement: Methods and Clinical Application

作　　者：周胜男 陈伟[1] ZHOU Shengnan;CHEN Wei(Department of Clinical Nutrition,PUMC Hospital,CAMS and PUMC,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院临床营养科,北京100730

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》2018年第5期603-609,共7页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

摘　　要：水在人体内含量最高,是维持生命的基础。疾病可导致体内水失衡,测量体内水的含量和分布尤为重要,但目前准确测量水的方法尚不成熟,且细胞外水和细胞内水更难测量。同位素稀释法(ID)、生物电阻抗分析法(BIA)、皮褶厚度测量和共振腔扰动技术(RCP)是常用的人体水成分测量方法,本文通过文献分析,比较了这几种测量方法的优缺点,提出4种方法均能测得人体总水,ID和BIA则可测定细胞外水和细胞内水,而BIA则更适用于临床,如监测体液平衡、指导液体管理、评估淋巴水肿及营养风险、肥胖症的精确管理。人体水成分测量对于疾病的预防、诊治及预后评估有极大意义和发展前景。Being the largest single component of the human body,water is essential for life.Disease can lead to salt and water imbalance,and it is particularly important to measure the content and distribution of water in body.The current body water measurement methods are still not mature,and it’s even hard to measure extracellular and intracellular water.Isotope dilution method(ID),bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),skinfold thickness measurement,and resonant cavity perturbation(RCP)are the commonly used methods for measuring human body water composition.This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and concludes that all these four methods can be used to measure total body water;more specifically,ID and BIA can measure extracellular water and intracellular water,whereas BIA is more suitable for clinical applications such as monitoring of fluid balance,guiding of fluid management,assessment of lymphedema and nutritional risk,and management of obesity.Body water measurement will play more important roles in diagnosis,prevention,treatment,and prognosis of diseases.

关 键 词：人体水测量 同位素稀释 生物电阻抗分析 临床应用 

分 类 号：R604[医药卫生—外科学] R-1[医药卫生—临床医学]