间作作物菌根菌丝对红壤磷形态的影响  

Effects of intercropping and AMF inoculation on phosphorus forms in red soils

作　　者：钟雄 王硕[1] 包立[1,2] 张乃明 刘大会[3] 夏运生 李佳华[1] ZHONG Xiong;WANG Shuo;BAO Li;ZHANG Naiming;LIU Dahui;XIA Yunsheng;LI Jiahua(Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Soil Fertilizer and Pollution Repair Engineering Laboratory,Kunming 650201,China;Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430065,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学,昆明650201 [2]云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室,昆明650201 [3]湖北中医药大学,武汉430065

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2018年第11期1624-1633,共10页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161041;41105756);云南省科技创新人才计划项目(2015HC018);院士专家工作站项目(2015IC022);云南省高新技术产业发展项目(201605)资助~~

摘　　要：丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)在植物与土壤系统中扮演着重要的角色,能促进寄主植物对养分尤其是磷(P)的吸收。间作在提高土壤P素利用及增产增收等方面具有重要作用。本研究通过三室隔网分室盆栽模拟试验,在玉米/大豆间作种植体系下,对菌丝室进行不同形态P处理[不施P(P0)、施用无机磷(IOP50)、施用有机磷(OP50)],同时在根室进行不同AMF处理[不接种(NM)、接种Funneliformis mosseae(FM)],研究了不同外源形态P添加和AMF处理下,菌根作物对菌丝室红壤中不同形态P吸收利用的影响。结果表明:与单作-FM-IOP50处理相比,间作-FM-IOP50处理下的玉米P吸收量显著增加150.2%,大豆P吸收量增加24.5%;除大豆单作-P0处理外,接种FM均明显降低菌丝室土壤有效磷含量。除大豆单作-FM处理外,施用IOP50使土壤有效磷含量在单作条件下最高,而在间作条件下则最低。对红壤P形态的分级结果表明,接种AMF均一定程度增加了Ca_2-P、Al-P、Org-P、O-Al-P、Ca_(10)-P的含量,而间作则显著提高了作物对土壤Ca_2-P、Fe-P的吸收;相比其他处理,土壤Ca_2-P、Org-P、O-Al-P含量在间作-FM-IOP50组合处理下较高(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,Ca_2-P与玉米植株P吸收量呈显著负相关,而O-Al-P与大豆植株P吸收量呈显著负相关。总之,接种FM、磷肥施用与间作均在一定程度上促进了宿主作物对P的吸收累积。其中间作-FM-IOP50组合是促进间作玉米生长、P素吸收及Ca_2-P、Org-P、O-Al-P增加的最佳组合,通过促进无机磷的活化而改善作物对P素的吸收利用,有效削减土壤P素的残留,若将其应用于滇池流域,可望减少P素的流失。Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)can help host plants in the uptake of nutrients,especially phosphorus(P).Intercropping also can promote use efficiency of P in soils and increase crop yield.In order to study the effects of different P additions and AMF treatments on the absorption and utilization of different forms of P of intercropping corps in red soils,a pot simulation experiment was conducted using the three-compartment method.Under maize-soybean intercropping system,the hyphal compartments were treated with different forms of P-no P(P0),inorganic P(potassium dihydrogen phosphate– IOP50)and organic P(soy lecithin– OP50).Different AMF treatments,including no AMF(NM),inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae(FM),were performed in the root chamber.Intercropped maize and soybean,mono-cropped maize and soybean were planted in the experiment.The results showed that compared with mono-cropping-FM and IOP50 treatment,P uptake in maize increased by 150.2%and P uptake in soybean increased by only 24.5%under intercropping-FM and IOP50 treatment.Except mono-cropped soybean and P0 treatment,FM inoculation significantly decreased available P content in hyphal compartment soils.In addition to soybean mono-cropping-FM treatment,IOP50 application yielded the highest soil available P content under mono-cropping,and the lowest under intercropping conditions.AMF inoculation increased the contents of Ca2-P,Al-P,Org-P,O-Al-P and Ca10-P to a certain extent,while intercropping significantly increased crop uptake of Ca2-P and Fe-P in the soil.Under combined intercropping,FM and IOP50,the contents of Ca2-P,Org-P and O-Al-P in the soil were higher(P<0.05)compared with other treatments.Correlation analysis showed that Ca2-P was significantly negatively correlated with P uptake in maize,while O-Al-P was significantly negatively correlated with P uptake in soybean.In conclusion,FM inoculation,P fertilizer application and intercropping all promoted P absorption and accumulation of host crops to a certain extent.Among these,FM,IOP50 and in

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌(AMF) 间作 玉米 大豆 磷形态 磷吸收 土壤有效磷 

分 类 号：S344.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S513[农业科学—农艺学]