特朗普政府的“公平贸易”政策及其应对  

Trump's “Fair Trade” Policies and Countermeasures

作　　者：孔庆江[1] 刘禹 KONG Qingjiang;LIU Yu(China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2018年第10期41-51,共11页Pacific Journal

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九大精神国家社科专项立项课题"一带一路国际合作机制框架设计"(18VSJ050)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：美国近来以"公平贸易"政策为由,频繁对他国所谓"不公平贸易行为"实施单边贸易保护措施,与多个经济体产生贸易摩擦。中美贸易关系最为紧张,双边就知识产权保护等关键议题分歧巨大,未达成任何制度性协定,同时两国在高端制造业和贸易新领域竞争日益激烈。301、201、232、337等条款作为美国贸易政策工具由来已久,是美国维护自身贸易霸主地位的有力武器。因此中国缩减贸易顺差并不能解决中美贸易摩擦,而应坚持多边贸易机制,维护自身系统性利益;扩大开放,建立合作制度;提升贸易政策合规性,为"中国制造2025"铺路。The US recently imposes a range of unilateral trade protection measures to hit“unfair”practices of trade partners on the pretext of implementing the US“Fair Trade”policies.These measures caused America a lot of disputes with many economies.China and the U.S.are in grave tension particularly,since the two sides have huge differences over key topics such as intellectual property protection,and no economic agreement has been reached.Simultaneously,they compete with each other increasingly fiercely in hi-tech industrial sectors and new trade areas.In the historical perspective,Section 301,201,232,and 337 as trade policy instruments,are of significance to maintain the advanced position for the U.S.as a hegemony.Therefore,reducing the Chinese surplus with the US cannot alleviate the tension.Instead,China should insist on a multilateral mechanism to maintain its institutional interests,deepen economic opening-up to establish institutions of cooperation,and promote trade policy compliance to develop the industrial policy“Made in China 2025”.

关 键 词：美国“公平贸易”政策 贸易政策工具 保护主义 世界贸易组织 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]