大果紫檀心材抽提物发色成分及其对颜色的影响  

Extraction of Chromogenic Component from Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz. Heartwood and Its Effect on Wood Color

作　　者：张鹏[1] 卫燕霞 刘炀 陈瑶[1] 高建民[1] 樊永明[1] ZHANG Peng;WEI Yanxia;LIU Yang;CHEN Yao;GAO Jianmin;FAN Yongming(MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Application;Key Laboratory of Beijing for Wood Science and Engineering;Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]木质材料科学与应用教育部重点实验室,木材科学与工程北京市重点实验室,北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2018年第5期77-84,共8页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(3140030098)。

摘　　要：采用水、苯醇和二氧六环3种溶剂对深色和浅色大果紫檀试样进行抽提,通过色度指数、FT-IR、UV和GC-MS等手段分析了研究对象大果紫檀心材抽提物的主要发色成分,以揭示其发色机理。研究发现:大果紫檀主要显红色色调,其中深色试样在蓝绿色光谱区域(496 nm)有较强的吸收使得其红绿轴色品指数(a*)值较高。同种溶剂从浅色试样中溶解的发色成分较多,浅色试样抽提后色差普遍高于深色试样,其中二氧六环抽提后大果紫檀色差最大。水抽提物中的发色成分是不饱和醇类;苯醇抽提物中发色成分主要含有苯环结构、共轭羰基、非共轭羰基以及不饱和醇类结构;二氧六环抽提物中主要的发色成分是β-桉叶醇、高紫檀素和α-胡椒烯-11-醇,其中β-桉叶醇和高紫檀素是大果紫檀中与a*相关的发色物质。Two groups of Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz.heartwood with different color were used as research objects in the present study to reveal its chromogenic mechanism.Extractives from water,benzene-alcohol,and dioxane were analyzed.Then,the color parameter and structure of extractives was measured by means of CIE Lab,FT-IR,UV-VIS and GC-MS spectroscopic analysis.It was found that P.macrocarpus wood was mainly reddish,and the deep-colored sample had a strong absorption in the green spectral region(496 nm),resulting in a higher a*value.More chromophoric components in light-colored samples were extracted with the same solvent compared with deep-colored samples.And the chromatic aberration of light-colored samples after extraction was higher than that of deep-colored samples.The chromatic aberration reached at the maximum value after extracted by 1,4-dioxane solvent compared to water and benzene-alcohol solvent.The main chromophore components in water extractive were unsaturated alcohol;in benzene-alcohol extractive,it contained unsaturated alcohol and conjugated carbonyl,benzene ring,non-conjugated carbonyl structures;in dioxane extractive,they wereβ-eudesmol,homopterocarpin andα-copaen-11-ol.β-eudesmol and homopterocarpin were the chromophoric substances related to the red-green axis chromaticity index a*in wood.

关 键 词：大果紫檀 木材颜色 抽提物 发色成分 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]