2018年夏季全国干旱状况及其成因  

Drought Events and Its Causes in Summer of 2018 in China

作　　者：张宇[1] 王芝兰[1] 沙莎[1] 冯建英[1] ZHANG Yu;WANG Zhilan;SHA Sha;FENG Jianying(Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province,Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of CMA,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《干旱气象》2018年第5期884-892,共9页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(重大专项)“干旱气象科学研究--我国北方干旱致灾过程及机理”(GYHY(QX)201506001)资助

摘　　要：2018年夏季(6—8月),我国内蒙古中东部、辽宁、河北北部及北京、天津、湖南、江西、贵州及广东、广西大部,存在不同程度的旱情。主要有2个明显的干旱中心,分别是内蒙古中东部、辽宁、河北北部及北京、天津组成的北方旱区,以及湖南、江西、贵州及广东、广西大部组成的南方旱区。北方旱区旱情主要表现为降水偏少特征,而南方旱区主要表现为气温异常持续偏高特征。2018年夏季,欧亚中高纬以纬向环流为主,贝加尔湖至我国北方地区为正高度距平,冷涡活动不频繁是北方旱区降水偏少的主要成因;西太平洋副热带高压位置异常偏北是南方旱区高温异常持续的主要成因。There were droughts with varying degrees in central and Eastern Inner Mongolia,Liaoning,northern Hebei and most parts of Beijing,Tianjin,Hunan,Jiangxi,Guizhou,Guangdong and Guangxi in summer(from June to August)of 2018.There were two distinct drought centers,the northern drought areas were in the central and eastern Inner Mongolia,Liaoning,northern Hebei,Beijing and Tianjin,and the southern drought areas were in Hunan,Jiangxi,Guizhou,Guangdong and Guangxi.The drought in the northern drought region was mainly characterized by less precipitation,while in the southern drought region it was mainly characterized by abnormally high temperature.In the summer of 2018,the latitudinal circulation dominated the middle and high latitudes of Eurasia,the positive height anomaly existed between Lake Baikal and Northern China,and the cold vortex activity was not frequent,which was the main reason of less precipitation in the northern drought areas.The western Pacific subtropical high was located abnormally in the north,which was the main cause of the high temperature anomaly in the southern drought area.

关 键 词：2018年夏季 干旱状况 干旱演变 影响 成因 

分 类 号：S166[农业科学—农业气象学]