外源硅对酸枣生长和生理生化特征的影响  

Effects of exogenous silicon on growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics of zizyphus jujube plant

作　　者：麻云霞 李钢铁 张宏武[2] 梁田雨 马媛 王少雄 潘羿壅 MA Yun-xia;LI Gang-tie;ZHANG Hong-wu;LIANG Tian-yu;MA Yuan;WANG Shao-xiong;PAN Yi-yong(Desert Science and Engineering College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Research Institute of Forestry in Bayan Nur City,Bayan Nur 015000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]巴彦淖尔市林业科学研究所,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2018年第5期1113-1119,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260202);林业公益性行业科研专项(201504412)

摘　　要：为了探讨外源硅提高酸枣抗旱性的相关生理机制,确定最佳外源硅使用质量浓度。本试验以酸枣品种南枣1号为试验材料,采用水培试验,用PEG6000(聚乙二醇6000,渗透势约为-0.15 MPa)模拟干旱胁迫,研究干旱胁迫下硅对酸枣生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,干旱胁迫对酸枣幼苗叶片造成了氧化胁迫和渗透胁迫,降低了光合色素含量和光合速率,抑制了酸枣的生物量积累。不同质量浓度的硅对酸枣所受干旱胁迫作用的缓解程度不同,硅质量浓度为0.5～1. 5 mmol/L缓解效果较好,过多施硅反而会产生抑制作用。在干旱胁迫下,随着施硅质量浓度的增加,水分利用率呈增加趋势,抗氧化酶活性、生物量呈先上升后降低趋势,无机离子含量逐渐降低。说明施硅可以使酸枣光合作用加强,通过调控植物体的营养状况、自身新陈代谢,提高植物的抗氧化酶活性和改善植物对光能的利用效率帮助植物抵御干旱胁迫,其中1. 5 mmol/L硅处理对干旱胁迫下植株的的保护作用最显著。In order to explore relevant physiological mechanism of exogenous silicon in improving drought resistance of zizyphus jujube and determine the optimal concentration of exogenous silicon,zizyphus jujube Nanzao No.1 was used as material for hydroponic expriments.Using PEG6000(polyethylene glycol 6000,osmotic potential was about-0.15 MPa)to imitate drought stress,and the effects of silicon on growth and psychological characteristics of zizyphus jujube under situation of drought stress were researched.The result indicated that drought stress caused oxidative stress and osmotic stress on leaves of zizyphus jujube seedling,decreased photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic rate,and inhibited the biomass accumulation of zizyphus jujube.The relieved degree of different concentration of silicon to drought stress for zizyphus jujube was different,relieved effect of silicon was better when the concentration ranged from 0.5 mmol/L to 1.5 mmol/L.Under drought stress,with the increase of silicon concentration,water use efficiency increased,antioxidant enzyme activity and biomass increased first and then decreased,inorganic ions content gradually decreased.In conclusion,the application of silicon can strengthen photosynthesis of zizyphus jujube,improve the antioxidant enzyme activity and improve the light use efficiency of plant for helping plant to defend drought stress by regulating the nutritional status of plants and metabolism,the protective effect of 1.5 mmol/L silicon treatment on plants under drought stress is the most significant.

关 键 词：硅 干旱胁迫 酸枣 生理生化 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]