节能减排的就业结构优化效应:一个文献综述  

Optimizing Effect of Employment Structure of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction:a Literature Review

作　　者：申萌[1] 王叶 SHEN Meng;WANG Ye(Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China;Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学经济学院,北京100070 [2]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《首都经济贸易大学学报》2018年第6期54-61,共8页Journal of Capital University of Economics and Business

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"节能减排实现供给侧就业结构化的理论机制与路径研究"(17BJL011);北京市教育委员会教师队伍建设类(人才强教四期)项目青年拔尖人才培育计划"减排规制促进京津冀供给侧结构优化的路径研究"

摘　　要：现有研究节能减排与就业关系的实证文献所得结论并不统一,可以将其分成三个层次:(1)双重红利层次,即环境规制的就业创造效应高于就业缩减效应,改善环境质量(第一红利)的同时会促进就业的增长(第二红利);(2)就业结构优化层次,即政策的就业创造效应与就业缩减效应大致相抵,但就业结构更清洁化;(3)就业破环层次,即政策的就业创造效应非常有限。通过文献综述法,对中国工业部门的一系列规制政策进行分类,结果发现尽管实现双重红利很困难,但基于税收和市场的规制政策依然可以实现就业结构优化效应,而行政化的规制政策则以就业破坏为主。This paper divides the literature of energy saving and emission reduction and employment into three phases.(1)The double dividend level:the employment creation effect of the environmental protection is higher than the employment reduction effect,and improving the environmental quality(the first dividend)will promote employment growth at the same time(the second dividend).(2)The employment structure optimization level:the policies’employment creation effect and employment reduction effect can roughly offset,but the employment structure is cleaner.(3)The employment destruction level:the policy’s employment creation effect is very limited.Through the literature review,this paper classifies a series of regulatory policies of China’s industrial sector.Despite the difficulty of realizing the double dividend,the policy of taxation and market regulation still achieves the optimization effect of employment structure,and the administrative regulation policy is the main reason for the destruction of employment.

关 键 词：环境规制 双重红利效应 就业结构优化 就业缩减效应 就业创造效应 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]