基于TDOA/FDOA多星联合定位误差与卫星构型分析  

TDOA/FDOA joint location errors and satellite configuration for passive multi-satellite localization systems

作　　者：秦耀璐 杨淑萍[1] 束锋[1,2,3] 孙琳琳[1] 陆锦辉[1] 许正文[2] 桂林卿[1] QIN Yaolu;YANG Shuping;SHU Feng;SUN Linlin;LU Jinhui;XU Zhengwen;GUI Linqing(School of Electronic and Optimal Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094,China;Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment, China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation,Qingdao 266107,China;National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学电子工程与光电技术学院,南京210094 [2]中国电波传播研究所电波环境特性及模化技术重点实验室,青岛266107 [3]东南大学移动通信国家重点实验室,南京210096

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2018年第5期565-574,共10页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61771244;61501238;61702258;61472190;61271230);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(30916011205);中国电波传播研究所电波环境特性及模化技术重点实验室开放课题(201500013);东南大学移动通信国家重点实验室开放课题(2013D02);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20150791)

摘　　要：针对多星定位系统对地面静态目标的无源定位误差分析问题,运用Fisher信息矩阵、Taylor级数、矩阵理论和统计理论,综合考虑时差、频差、卫星位置误差以及卫星速度误差,推导了到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)/到达频率差(frequency difference of arrival,FDOA)联合定位误差克拉美·罗界(Cramer-Rao lower bound,CRLB)的简单表达式,以及三星单独TDOA定位误差的CRLB,进而给出了避免TDOA定位盲区的良好卫星构型设计的充分条件.理论分析与仿真结果表明:在单独TDOA定位场景下良好的构型能完全消除定位盲区,定位精度随主星-星下点连线与主星-副星连线的夹角逼近90°而逐渐提高;通过引入FDOA与TDOA联合定位也能有效避免定位盲区,提高定位精度.The passive location error and satellite configuration analysis of a static target on the Earth surface for passive multi-satellite localization systems is investigated.By using Fisher information matrix,Taylor series,matrix theory and statistical theory,a concise Cramer-Rao lower bound(CRLB)expression of time difference of arrival(TDOA)and frequency difference of arrival(FDOA)joint localization is derived,in which the TDOA measurement error,FDOA measurement error,satellite position error and satellite velocity error are all considered.Then,we derive the CRLB for three satellites location system based on TDOA.Furthermore,the sufficient condition of designing a good satellite configuration to eliminate the blind zones of TDOA location is given and proved.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the blind zones of sole TDOA localization can be completely eliminated by employing a good satellite configuration,and the location precision is gradually improved with the intersection angle between the line of the primary satellite to the subastral point and the line of the primary satellite to the secondary satellite tending to 90 degree.Moreover,by introducing FDOA measurement,TDOA and FDOA joint localization can avoid the blind zones effectively and improve the positioning accuracy.

关 键 词：联合定位 时差/频差 克拉美·罗界 卫星构型 定位盲区 

分 类 号：TN927.23[电子电信—通信与信息系统]