不同粉碎粒度的玉米和小麦日粮对青年蛋鸡生长性能和消化道发育的影响  

Effect of particle size of corn and wheat on growth performance and development of digestive tract of laying pullets

作　　者：李学辉 LI Xuehui(Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Xinyang City,Xinyang,Henan Province,464000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省信阳市动物疫病预防控制中心,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2018年第20期67-71,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：试验旨在研究用小麦等量替代玉米,同时在不同粉碎粒度下,考察其对蛋鸡生长性能和消化道发育的影响。选择初重一致[(37.53±2.38)g]的1日龄蛋重鸡1152只,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复48只。试验日粮采用2(玉米和小麦)×3(6、8、10 mm粒度)因子设计,共分为1～42 d、43～84 d和85～126 d的3个阶段,各组日粮营养水平基本保持一致。结果 :6 mm粉碎粒度组较其他两组显著提高了1～42 d蛋鸡的日增重(P <0.05),同时显著降低了料重比(P <0.05)。各组对85～126 d蛋鸡平均日增重和料重比均无显著影响(P> 0.05),不同粒度玉米或小麦日粮对42、84和126 d蛋鸡体重的均匀性均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。与小麦日粮组相比,玉米日粮显著降低了126 d蛋鸡空肠和盲肠相对长度(P <0.05);10 mm粒度组较6 mm粒度组显著提高了42 d蛋鸡消化道相对长度及空肠相对长度(P <0.05)。6 mm粒度组较其他两组显著提高了126 d蛋鸡小肠的相对重量(P <0.05)。结论 :日粮添加50%小麦替代玉米对1～126 d蛋鸡的生长性能和均匀度无显著影响,1～42 d蛋鸡日粮中使用的玉米或小麦的适宜粉碎粒度不超过8 mm。This study was aimed to study the effects of effect of particle size of corn and wheat on growth performance and development of digestive tract of laying pullets.A total of 1152 laying pullets aged 1 d[average body weight(37.53±2.38)g],were randomly allotted to 6 groups with 4 replicates of 48 pullets.The diets were 2(corn and wheat)×3(6,8,10 mm particle size)factors designed,and there were 3 stages(1~42 d,43~84 d and 85~126 d),most of the nutrients were kept the same.Results showed that from 1 to 42 d of age,pullets fed the 6-mm screen diet had a higher body weight gain(P<0.05)and a better feed conversion ratio(P<0.05)than those fed the 8 and 10 mm screen diets.No significant differences were found among the groups(P>0.05).The corn or wheat diets and the particle size had no significant effects on the uniformity of pullets at all stages(P>0.05).Compared with the wheat diet group,corn diet group had lower relative long of jejunum and ceca of pullets at 126 d(P<0.05).10 mm screen diet group had higher relative long of digestive tract and jejunum of pullets at 42 d(P<0.05),while the relative weight of small intestine of pullets at 126 was the highest among the groups(P<0.05).In conclusion,the substitution of corn by wheat did not affect productive performance or body weight uniformity of pullets from 1~126 d,and it is recommended to cereal of the diet(either maize or wheat)during the first 45 d of life with a screen of no more than 8 mm.

关 键 词：粒度 玉米 小麦 蛋鸡 生长性能 消化道发育 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]