高纤维低蛋白日粮对育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率及粪中氨气含量的影响  

Effects of low protein with high fibre diets on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and ammonia emission of finishing pigs

作　　者：达富兰 薛万朝 窦永芳 DA Fulan;XUE Wanchao;DOU Yongfang(Qinghai animal husbandry and veterinary vocational and technical college,Xining,Qinghai province 812100,China;Huangyuan county animal husbandry and veterinary station,Xining,Qinghai province 812100,China)

机构地区：[1]青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院,青海西宁812100 [2]湟源县畜牧兽医工作站,青海西宁812100

出　　处：《中国饲料》2018年第20期77-80,共4页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在研究低蛋白高纤维日粮对育肥猪生长性能、养分利用率、氮代谢及粪中氨气含量的影响。试验选择平均初重为(83.12±1.86)kg的肥猪400头,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复20头猪。对照组饲喂粗蛋白质为12%,中性纤维为41%的日粮,高纤维组饲喂粗蛋白质为12.25%,中性洗涤纤维为66%的日粮,高纤维低蛋白组饲喂粗蛋白质为9.85%,中性纤维为60%的日粮,高纤维低蛋白+膨润土组饲喂粗蛋白质为10%,中性洗涤纤维为55%的日粮(每千克日粮添加10 g膨润土),试验共进行16周。结果表明:各组日粮对育肥猪生长性能的影响均不显著(P> 0.05)。对照组较其他三组显著提高了粪中干物质含量(P <0.05);高纤维组中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著高于对照组和高纤维低蛋白组(P <0.05)。高纤维和高纤维低蛋白组显著提高了粪氮排泄量(P <0.05);与对照组和高纤维组相比,高纤维低蛋白及高纤维低蛋白+膨润土组显著降低尿氮排泄量(P <0.05),同时显著降低了总氮排泄量(P <0.05)。高纤维低蛋白和高纤维低蛋白+膨润土组较对照组显著降低了粪的pH(P <0.05)。对照组较其他组显著降低了粪与粪+尿的比值(P <0.05)。与对照组相比,纤维日粮组均显著降低了氨排泄量与氮总量的比值(P <0.05)。结果表明:高纤维低蛋白日粮对育肥猪的生长性能无负面影响,低蛋白日粮降低了粪氮排泄量,纤维日粮可以显著降低氨排泄量与氮总量的比值,高纤维低蛋白日粮添加1%的膨润土对氮的利用率无显著影响。This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of low protein with high fibre diets on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and ammonia emission of finishing pigs.400 pigs with body weight(83.12±1.86)kg were selected to be allotted to 4 groups with 5 replicates of 20 pigs.The diets for the 4 groups were as follow:control[crude protein(CP)12%,neutral detergent fiber(NDF)41%],high fibre(CP 12.25%,NDF 66%),high fibre with low protein(CP 9.85%,NDF 60%),high fibre with low protein+1%bentonite(CP 10%,NDF 55%),the trial last 16 weeks.Results showed that all groups did not affect growth performance or carcass quality(P>0.05).The dry matter digestibility in control group was the highest among the groups(P<0.05).High fibre group had a higher a NDF digestibility than the control and high fibre low protein group(s P<0.05).Pigs fed the high fibre and high fibre low protein diets excreted more nitrogen in feces than the control die(t P<0.05).Urinary nitrogen was lower for high fibre low protein and high fibre low protein+1%bentonite groups(P<0.05)than the control and high fibre diets.The feces to feces+urine ratio was lowest in the control(P<0.05),while ammonia nitrogen emitted:initial nitrogen ratio significantly decreased in all the high fibre diets(P<0.05).In conclusion,high fibre and low protein diets do not hamper growth performance of finishing pigs,and fibre diets decreased the ammonia nitrogen emitted:initial nitrogen ratio,while high fibre low protein+1%bentonite diets had no significant effect on the digestibility of nitrogen.

关 键 词：育肥猪 低蛋白高纤维日粮 生长性能 养分消化率 氮代谢 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]