大洋锰结核与药渣共浸出氧化还原过程研究  

Oxidation-reduction process of oceanic manganese nodules and pharmaceutical residue

作　　者：仇云飞 冯雅丽[1] 李浩然[2] 杜竹玮[2] 康金星[1] 王昌 QIU Yunfei;FENG Yali;LI Haoran;DU Zhuwei;KANG Jinxing;WANG Chang(School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science&Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所,生化工程国家重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第10期2373-2380,共8页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：水体污染与治理科技重大专项项目(2015ZX07205-003);中国大洋矿产资源研究计划项目(DY125-15-T-08);国家自然科学基金资助项目。

摘　　要：以药渣为大洋锰结核还原剂,研究药渣湿法还原锰结核浸出特性。考察搅拌速率、液固比、硫酸浓度、药渣用量和反应温度对锰浸出的影响,利用稳态极化曲线测定浸出反应动力学参数。研究结果表明:在搅拌速率为400 r/min、液固比为10:1、硫酸浓度为0.94 mol/L、药渣用量为5 g、浸出温度为363 K的条件下浸出300 min,锰浸出率达95.78%。在343~368 K间,浸出过程受化学反应控制,表观活化能为40.74 kJ/mol。在酸性环境下,锰结核与药渣有机物聚团接触碰撞,大分子聚团被锰氧化物氧化为水溶性小分子后,小分子水溶性有机物经腐蚀凹孔进入结核内层,进而氧化成NH_4^+,H_2O和CO_2,锰结核由外向内逐层腐蚀;反应过程中锰氧化物晶格破坏,释放Cu,Co和Ni等有价金属元素。The reductive leaching of manganese from oceanic manganese nodules was investigated by using pharmaceutical residue as reducing agent.The effects of stirring speed,liquid/solid ratio,sulfuric acid concentration,dosage of pharmaceutical residue and reaction temperature on the manganese extraction were examined.The results show that the leaching efficiency of manganese peaks at 95.78%under the optimal conditions:stirring speed of 400 r/min,liquid/solid ratio of 10:1,sulfuric acid concentration of 0.94 mol/L,pharmaceutical residue dosage of 5 g,and temperature of 363 K for 300 min.At 343-368 K,the kinetic analysis is carried out based on the shrinking core model,which shows that the reductive leaching process is controlled by the chemical reaction,and the apparent activation energy is 40.74 kJ/mol.In acidic solution,with contacting and collision between oceanic manganese nodules and pharmaceutical residue,macromolecular organics is decomposed into water-soluble small molecules and finally into NH4+,H2O and CO2.Manganese nodules are reduced and dissolved by small organic molecules that contact with manganese nodules inner layer through groove by layer.Moreover,Cu,Co and Ni are released with the lattice of manganese oxides being destroyed.

关 键 词：药渣 大洋锰结核 动力学分析 塔菲尔曲线 

分 类 号：TF111.31[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]