特朗普政府的国际投资政策调整及其影响  

Adjustment in the Trump Administration's International Investment Policy and Its Impacts

作　　者：吴其胜[1] WU Qisheng

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院国际问题研究所

出　　处：《国际展望》2018年第6期23-39,158,共18页Global Review

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"中国对美投资摩擦的政治化及对策研究"(15CGJ017)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：特朗普政府执政后,陆续推出了一系列有别于往届政府的国际投资政策,包括频繁干预和阻挠美国制造业企业的对外直接投资,加强对外国企业在美投资的国家安全审查,以及在涉及投资规则的国际谈判中强调国家经济主权和主张弱化投资争端解决机制等。其投资政策的调整主要源于特朗普本人及其团队的经济民族主义理念,主要目的是通过干预跨国资本和商品的流动,推动制造业回归,夯实制造业基础。特朗普政府国际投资政策的变化将会在未来一段时期内对国际投资环境、国际投资规则、中美双边投资甚至中国企业的对外直接投资产生广泛影响。对此,中国一方面应该通过降低企业税费和优化营商环境等方式,进一步增强对外资的吸引力,缓解潜在的引资压力。另一方面,中国应该积极与主要经济合作伙伴,尤其是与"一带一路"沿线的国家和地区,商签新的贸易和投资协定,为中国企业"走出去"开辟新的市场。Since coming to power,the Trump administration has launched a series of international investment policies that were different from previous administrations,including frequently intervening in outward FDI of U.S.manufacturing companies,strengthening national security scrutiny of inward FDI,emphasizing national economic sovereignty,and downplaying investment dispute settlement mechanisms.The adjustment of U.S.international investment policy is mainly rooted in the Trump White House’s economic nationalism.The main purpose is to promote the return of manufacturing and consolidate the manufacturing base by intervening in the flow of transnational capital and commodities.The changes in the Trump administration's international investment policy will have wide-ranging impacts on the international investment environment,international investment rules,Sino-U.S.investment relations,and Chinese outward FDI.To alleviate the negative impacts caused by Trump administration's policies,China should further enhance its attractiveness to foreign investment by reducing corporate taxes and optimizing the business environment.China also should actively negotiate new trade and investment agreements with major economic partners,especially those along the“Belt and Road,”to open up new markets for China’s outward FDI.

关 键 词：特朗普经济新政 国际投资 外资审查 投资协定 

分 类 号：F757.120[经济管理—国际贸易]