论非公募基金会的公益供给功能:分类、供给方式与最优决策  

The Public-Interest Supply Function of Non-Public Funding Foundations:Typology,Supply Pathways and Optimal Policies

作　　者：刘海龙[1] Liu Hailong

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院NPO研究所

出　　处：《中国非营利评论》2011年第1期1-29,共29页China Nonprofit Review

摘　　要：2004年以来,非公募基金会快速发展,在资源动员、公益服务、资助孵化等方面发挥了重要作用。本文明确了非公募基金会“公益供给者”的角色,在分析供给者整体即非公募基金会行业发展情况基础上,首先从公益供给的视角对非公募基金会进行了分类,提出了“代理型基金会”的概念;其次探讨了非公募基金会的五种供给方式,包括直接供给资金、直接供给服务、间接供给资金、间接供给服务以及基金会代理,特别是最后一种供给方式具有“生产”的委托代理关系;然后从交易费用、领域效益和最优规模的视角出发分析非公募基金会的最优供给决策问题,包括最优的供给方式、供给领域和供给规模;最后指出在非公募基金会蓬勃发展的背景下,其自身也面临来自于需求方的两大挑战:同质化竞争和有效需求不足,并且提出了应对策略。Since 2004,non-public funding foundations have developed rapidly.They have had important effects on resource mobilization,public-interest services and grant incubation.This study affirms non-public funding foundations role as“public-interest suppliers”.After an analysis of the entire supplier-that is,non-public funding foundation-industry s development,a typology of non-public funding foundations as public-interest providers is presented and the concept of“agent foundations”introduced.Then,five foundation supply methods are discussed,including direct supply of funds,direct supply of services,indirect supply of funds,indirect supply of services and supply by foundation agents.The last type,in particular,is characterized by a unique trust or-agent relationship.Then,from the angles of transaction costs,field effectiveness and optimal scales,it analyzes issues related to non-public funding foundations optimal supply decisions,including optimal methods,fields and scales of supply.Lastly,it identifies two major challenges from the demand side that non-public funding foundations face as they vigorously develop-homogeneous competition and insufficiently effective demand-and offers policy responses.

关 键 词：非公募基金会 供给 分类 最优决策 

分 类 号：D632.9[政治法律—政治学]