中国古代专制说的前奏——1899年前君主国定位的形成与演变  

On the Prelude of the Ancient Chinese Despotism Theory:Under the Influence of Western Countries Before 1899

作　　者：邓华莹 DENG Hua-ying(Department of History,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第6期102-111,共10页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：鸦片战后至光绪戊戌年间,基于国家统治中君权、民权关系而产生的君主、君民共主、民主国家分类法逐渐流行,中国相应地被定位为君主国。国人最初并未认为君主国是一种落后的政治形式,但随着趋新士人在内忧外患的刺激下纷纷提倡开议院、伸民权,君主国越来越多地与君主独裁、君权不受限制等内涵相关联,日趋负面化。同时国人将中国作为君主国的历史上溯至秦朝,认为秦到清是君权日盛,民权日衰。这样的观念与1899年后广为流传的"中国古代专制说"相当接近,可以说是后者的雏形、前奏。Between 1840 and 1898,the theory of dividing states into monarchy,constitutional monarchy and democracy under the standard of the relationship between the power of monarch and people became more and more popular,and China was oriented as monarchy.Firstly,monarchy didn’t seem to be primitive,but under the current of developing people’s power,it was connected to monarch’s power with unlimited restrictions,which was negative in Chinese eyes.And it was believed that the history of China being monarchy started since Qing Dynasty.This kind of view was similar to the ancient Chinese despotism theory,which came to be popular after 1899.

关 键 词：君主国 君权 民权 中国古代专制说 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]