熔体微分离心静电纺丝技术批量制备纳米纤维  

Melt Differential Centrifugal Electrospinning Technology for Batch Preparation of Nanofibers

作　　者：余韶阳 安瑛[1] 李守猛 王循 雷文龙 钟强 谭晶[1] 杨卫民[1] 李好义[1] Yu Shaoyang;An Ying;Li Shoumeng;Wang Xun;Lei Wenlong;Zhong Qiang;Tan Jing;Yang Weimin;Li Haoyi(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2018年第11期53-57,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51603009);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0302000)

摘　　要：提出并开发了一种熔体微分离心静电纺丝装置,采用聚丙烯(PP)作为纺丝材料,设计正交实验,探究各工艺参数对纤维形貌的影响权重,并成功制得平均直径为790nm的超细纤维,该纤维直径是传统离心纺丝制备纤维直径的1/2,且直径分布均匀性提高22.45%,其中最细纤维直径仅为160 nm。在纺丝过程中,挤出机和离心微分盘的转速是影响纤维平均直径的关键因素,离心微分盘转速和纺丝电压是影响纤维直径分布的关键因素。外加电场可以提高纤维的结晶度,一定范围内纺丝电压越高制备纤维力学性能越好。A kind of melt differential centrifugal electrostatic spinning device was developed.Polypropylene(PP)was used as a spinning material,the orthogonal experiment was designed in order to explore the influence weight of the different process parameters on fiber formation.Nanofibers have been prepared successfully with an average diameter of 790 nm.The average fibers diameter of this method is 1/2 of centrifugal spinning,and the uniformity of diameter distribution increases by 22.45%.The smallest fiber diameter is only 160 nm.In the spinning process,the rotational speed of extruder and centrifugal differential disk are the key factors affecting the average diameter of fibers,and the rotational speed of centrifugal differential disk and spinning voltage are the key factors affecting the diameter distribution of fibers.External electric field can improve the crystallinity of the fibers,and increasing the spinning voltage can increase the mechanical properties of the fibers in a certain range.

关 键 词：离心静电纺丝 生产效率 产业化 纳米纤维 

分 类 号：TQ340.14[化学工程—化纤工业]