农业灌溉用水量核算方法对比研究  

Comparative study on accounting method for irrigation water consumption

作　　者：詹同涛 梅梅[1] 刘琦[1] 孟伟[1] 李瑞杰 ZHAN Tongtao;MEI Mei;LIU Qi;MENG Wei;LI Ruijie(China Water Huaihe Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230091,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中水淮河规划设计研究有限公司,安徽合肥230091

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2018年第9期199-204,共6页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"水资源承载能力评价方法及全国县域承载评价"(2016YFC0401303)

摘　　要：为了评价区域水资源承载状况,需要将区域现状年实际产生的用水量核算至评价口径。在以往工作的基础上,提出了三种较为实用的农业灌溉用水量核算方法:现状法、典型年法和长系列法。分析表明:计算分区A近几年年降雨量情况能够代表平水年或多年平均情形,可采用现状法对农业灌溉用水量进行核算,结果显示该区域应核减农业灌溉用水量0. 31亿m^3。计算分区B近几年区域降雨不能够代表丰枯变化,整体偏枯,可采用典型年法对农业灌溉用水量进行核算,结果显示该区域应核减农业灌溉用水量0. 43亿m^3。计算分区C基础资料齐全、年降雨频率偏丰及偏枯区域均适用,应采用长系列法对农业灌溉用水量进行核算,结果显示该区域应核增农业灌溉用水量1. 48亿m^3。总得来说,现状法较为简便,资料易于获取,但有一定的局限性,受近几年的降雨量影响较大;典型年法相对较为复杂,且对于评价年份降雨较丰的区域不适用。因此,在基础资料完备的情况下,长系列法适应性较强。In order to evaluate the regional water resources carrying status,the regional annual water consumption of the actual status is necessary to be accounted into the evaluation caliber.On the basis of the previous work concerned,three relative practical accounting methods for the agricultural irrigation water consumption are proposed herein,i.e.status quo method,typical year method and long-series method.The relevant analysis shows that the annual rainfall in recent years of the calculation sub-region A can represent that of the normal year or the mean annual situation,and then the agricultural irrigation water consumption can be accounted with the status quo method;from which the result shows that the agricultural irrigation water consumption must be cut by 31 million m 3.The annual rainfall in recent years of the calculation sub-region B cannot represent the wet-dry variation which is generally less than the normal rainfall,and then the agricultural irrigation water consumption therein can be accounted with the typical year method;from which the result shows that the agricultural irrigation water consumption therein must be cut by 43 million m 3.The basic data of the calculation sub-region C are completed and then adaptable for the regions with the annual rainfall frequencies which are more than or less than the normal year,thus the agricultural irrigation water consumptions therein can be accounted with the long-series method;from which the result shows that the agricultural irrigation water consumptions in those regions must be increased by 148 million m 3 through the relevant accounting.Generally,the status quo method is relatively simple and convenient and the data for it can be prone to be obtained,but it has certain limitations and is largely impacted by the rainfalls in recent years,while the typical year method is relatively complicated and unsuitable for the evaluation made on the region with more abundant annual rainfall.Therefore,in the case with completed basic data,the adaptability of the long-series

关 键 词：农业 灌溉用水 评价口径 核算方法 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]