价格竞争、战略性贸易政策调整与企业出口模式选择  

Price Competition, Strategic Trade Policy Adjustment and Firms’ Export Mode Choicing

作　　者：谢申祥 刘培德[2] 王孝松[3] XIE Shenxiang;LIU Peide;WANG Xiaosong(Shandong University of Finance and Economics;Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]山东财经大学财政税务学院 [2]山东财经大学管理科学与工程学院 [3]中国人民大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济研究》2018年第10期127-141,共15页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"‘逆全球化’的政治经济学分析与中国的应对方案研究"(18AGJ001)的阶段性成果;国家自然科学基金面上项目(71873141);国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA097)的资助

摘　　要：当参与国际竞争的企业进行价格竞争时,一国的战略性贸易政策应该如何选择?本文从贸易利益和社会福利出发,结合中国出口企业的实际,构建了一个生产企业可以选择国内中间商出口的双寡头国际市场竞争模型,在此基础上利用博弈理论探讨了一国最优的战略性贸易政策。分析结果表明,产品质量差异和国内企业出口模式会影响一国最优的贸易政策选择。具体而言,在两国均可以实施贸易政策,两国国内企业均通过其国内中间商出口产品时,若产品质量差异较大(小),一国应该进行出口补贴(征收出口税);如果只有一国生产企业通过中间商出口,那么在产品质量差异较大的情形下,该国应该采取补贴政策。此外,本文的研究还发现,贸易政策会影响国内生产企业出口模式的选择。本文的研究为中国贸易政策的调整提供了理论参考。Countries usually implement strategic trade policies characterized by subsidizing exports.In the 1970s,Japan put into effect a strategic export subsidy policy for high-tech industries that promoted the rapid development of the automobie,household appliance and chip manufacturing industries,and greatly enhanced their international competitiveness.European countries established Airbus and provided substantial financial subsidies to support their large passenger aircrafts to compete with Boeing,which was established in the United States.The export-oriented strategy established at the beginning of China s reform and opening-up undeniably determined that China had long implemented an export subsidy policy.China now focuses more on trade interests and welfares,so it is worth discussing whether the export subsidy policy implemented in the past is still reasonable.In addition,firms participating in international competition are likely to compete over quantity or price.According to Brander&Spencer(1985),in a duopoly model,export subsidies are better than no intervention when firms competition is in quantity mode.Is it still reasonable to subsidize exports when the firms compete internationally over price?Under what circumstances should exports be given subsidies?To answer these questions,we set up a theoretical model that includes some stylized facts.Chinese firms that engage in international competition often win the market through a lower price.Considering the late-development advantages,the product quality of China is always inferior to that of developed countries.Therefore,we construct a duopoly competition model based on product quality differentiation in the international market,in which firms compete over price.Due to the increasingly widespread intra-product specialization,and given that many of China s manufacturing firms rely on domestic trade enterprises for export,we also incorporate the separation of production and trade into the framework.Results show that when a production firm exports through a domestic tr

关 键 词：质量差异 价格竞争 出口模式 战略性贸易政策 

分 类 号：F14[经济管理—世界经济] L13