基于人工湿地的循环水养殖系统运行效果研究  

Study on operation effect of recirculating aquaculture system based on constructed wetland

作　　者：程果锋[1] 陆诗敏[1] 刘兴国[1] 曾宪磊[1] 顾兆俊[1] CHENG Guofeng;LU Shimin;LIU Xingguo;ZENG Xianlei;GU Zhaojun(Key Laboratory of Fishery Equipment and Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture,Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]农业部渔业装备与工程技术重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2018年第5期45-50,共6页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2016YJS009);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46)

摘　　要：为探索建立一种可行的循环水养殖模式,设计了一种养殖池与人工潜流湿地合理搭配的循环水养殖系统,以鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)作为养殖对象,分析了养殖期间系统水质指标和鱼类生长状况。结果显示:经过68 d的养殖,4组养殖池(A、B、C、D)的鱼类养殖密度,由试验初期的2、4、8和16 kg/m^3分别增加到试验末期的2. 8、5. 1、10. 3和20 kg/m^3,平均存活率(95. 30±3. 28)%,实现了基于湿地的循环水养殖。湿地对总氮(TN)、总氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO-2-N)、化学耗氧量(COD)和总悬浮物(TSS)的去除率分别为(35.6±7. 6)%、(61. 2±9. 3)%、(76. 5±11. 5)%、(58. 3±7. 5)%和(88. 0±3. 7)%;养殖期间,TAN、NO-2-N和COD平均值分别为(0. 29±0. 10)、(0. 075±0. 023)和(11. 17±2. 37) mg/L;养殖池中水体溶氧(DO)和总固体悬浮物(TSS)平均值分别为(6. 84±0. 92) mg/L和(64. 11±17. 89) mg/L。研究表明,基于人工湿地的循环水养殖系统具有养殖存活率高、生长良好以及节水减排效果显著优点。In order to explore for establishment of a viable recirculating aquaculture mode,a recirculating aquaculture system reasonably combining culture pond with subsurface flow constructed wetland was designed with Carassius auratus as cultured species.The conditions of fish growth and water quality were analyzed during the culture period.The results showed that,after 68 d of culture,the stocking density of fishes in the 4 culture ponds(A,B,C,D)increased to 2.8,5.1,10.3 and 20 kg/m 3 respectively from initially 2,4,8 and 16 kg/m 3,and the average survival rate was(95.30±3.28)%,which realized recirculating aquaculture based on wetland.The result of water quality monitoring showed that total nitrogen(TN),total ammonia nitrogen(TAN),nitrite nitrogen(NO-2-N),chemical oxygen demand(COD)and total suspended solids(TSS)removed by the wetland were respectively(35.6±7.6)%,(61.2±9.3)%,(76.5±11.5)%,(58.3±7.5)%and(88.0±3.7)%;during the culture period,the average value of TAN,NO-2-N and COD was respectively(0.29±0.10),(0.075±0.023)and(11.17±2.37)mg/L;the average value of DO and TSS in the culture pond was respectively(6.84±0.92)mg/L and(64.11±17.89)mg/L.This study showed that the recirculating aquaculture system based on constructed wetland has such advantages as high survival rate,good growth and remarkable water saving and emission reduction effect.

关 键 词：循环水养殖系统 人工湿地 集约化 水质净化 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖] S959[农业科学—水产科学]