2010—2015年全国地质灾害发育分布特征分析  

Distribution characters of geo-hazards in China during the period of 2010—2015

作　　者：房浩[1,2] 李媛[1] 杨旭东[1] 佟彬[1] 尹春荣[1] 曲雪妍[1] FANG Hao;LI Yuan;YANG Xudong;TONG Bin;YIN Chunrong;QU Xueyan(China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Beijing 100081,China;College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2018年第5期1-6,共6页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目:山区城镇地质灾害风险调查试点(中地环项[2018]DD04-03)

摘　　要：近年来,在全球气候变暖的背景下,我国突发性、局地性极端强降雨事件频发,加之城镇化进程中的人类社会经济活动,导致发生了大量的地质灾害事件,地质灾害造成的人员伤亡占我国自然灾害造成人员伤亡总数的比例呈逐渐上升趋势。本文以"十二五"期间我国发生的地质灾害为主要研究对象,搜集了全国省级国土部门的权威数据,通过数理统计,以及对孕灾条件和诱发因素的分析等,研究总结了2010—2015年("十二五")期间全国发生的地质灾害的总体情况及特征:(1)在全国发生的64 530起地质灾害中,滑坡、崩塌、泥石流为主要灾害类型,中小型灾害最为发育;(2)强降雨是地质灾害的主要诱发因素,汛期降雨型地质灾害在地域上具有随时间由东南向西北逐渐推移的特征;(3)地质灾害造成的危害具有向低人员伤亡、高财产损失方向发展的趋势。研究结果对今后一段时期全国地质灾害防治工作部署提出了建议。In recent years,under the impact of global warming,a larger number of geo-hazards were triggered by the frequent occurrences of sudden and regional extreme heavy rainfall events as well as the human society and economic activities during the process of urbanization.The portion of casualties caused by geo-hazards gradually increases in the total number of casualties caused by natural disasters in China.In this study,the authoritative data about geo-hazards occurred in the 12th five-year plan were collected from the provincial department of land and resources.By mathematical statistics,and the analysis of the conditions of inducing disasters,following characters of geo-hazards occurred in China in the 12th five-year plan can be summarized:①In 64 530 geo-hazards,landslide,avalanche and debris flow are the main types,and the samll and middle classes of geo-hazards occurred are the most;②Heavy rainfall is the major triggering factor,and the occurrences of rainfall-triggered geo-hazards move from the southeast to the northwest gradually as time during the flood period;③The development trend of casualty and economic loess caused by geo-hazards were decreasing and increasing.In the end,the recommendations about the work arrangement of geo-hazards in the next period.

关 键 词：十二五 地质灾害 发育分布特征 诱发因素 危害特征 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]