季节因素对大西洋声传播的影响分析  

Impact of seasonal factors on the acoustic propagation in Atlantic Ocean

作　　者：曹震卿[1,2] 张永刚 李庆红[1] 刘鹏[3] CAO Zhen-qing;ZHANG Yong-gang;LI Qing-hong;LIU Peng(Dalian Naval Academy,Dalian 116018,China;Unit 92993,Shanghai 201900,China;Unit 92143,Sanya 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]海军大连舰艇学院,辽宁大连116018 [2]92993部队,上海201900 [3]92143部队,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2018年第4期514-524,共11页Journal of Applied Oceanography

摘　　要：以分析季节对大西洋声传播的影响为研究目的,应用WOA13季节平均数据和Mackenzie声速经验公式,分析了大西洋声道轴和表层声速值的四季分布情况,再利用BELLHOP水声学数值模型,在设定的声源频率1 000 Hz和掠射角15°～-15°情况下,仿真计算选用位置点5 m深度声源的四季声传播情况,研究结果表明:按照实际的季节,大西洋会聚区波导的反转深度,冬季最小,春季增大,夏季最大,秋季再减小.在中低纬度的典型声速剖面下,夏季会聚区跨度最大,秋季和冬季递减,春季最小,第一会聚区的四季跨度差在1 km内.在高纬度的正梯度声速剖面下,夏季声传播距离最远,秋季减小,冬季最近,春季增大,且传播距离的差别较大.各变化规律均以四季循环更替的形式出现.For the purpose of analyzing the influence of seasonal factors to acoustic propagation in the Atlantic Ocean,the average data of WOA13 and the Mackenzie empirical sound speed equation is used for the study.This essay analyzes the distribution of values corresponding to sound channel axis and surface sound speed of the Atlantic Ocean in 4 seasons at first.Then under the circumstances of given sound source frequency of 1 000 Hz and grazing angle of 15°to-15°,the pattern of acoustic propagation in 4 seasons at 5 m depth at the chosen locations is studied,used BELLHOP hydroacoustics model.As results,it is found that the reverse depth of convergence waveguide in the Atlantic Ocean is the shallowest in winter,increasing in spring,deepening in summer and decreasing in autumn.Under the typical sound speed profiles in low and middle latitudes,the span of convergence zone in summer is maximal,decreasing in autumn and winter,and reaching the minimum in spring.The span differences of convergence zones of 4 seasons are lower than 1 km.In high latitudes under the positive gradient sound speed profiles,the acoustic propagation distance reaches the farthest in summer,decreases in autumn,reaches the shortest in winter,and increases in spring.It shows that the differences of acoustic propagation distances are larger in high latitudes than in low latitudes.All the patterns vary with the alternation of seasons.

关 键 词：海洋物理学 声传播 季节 WOA13 Mackenzie BELLHOP 大西洋 

分 类 号：P733P725[天文地球—物理海洋学]