青藏高原典型河流与湖泊表层水体碳时空变化特征初步分析  

Temporal and Spatial Changes of Carbon in Water from Typical Rivers and Lakes over the Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：赵登忠[1,2] 汪朝辉[1,2] 申邵洪[1,2] 谭德宝[1,2] 徐平[3] 李其江 ZHAO Deng-zhong;WANG Zhao-hui;SHEN Shao-hong;TAN De-bao;XU Ping;LI Qi-jiang(Spatial Information Technology Application Department,Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010,China;Hubei Provincial Key Lab of Basin Water Resources and Eco-environment Sciences,Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Field Scientific Observation Centre,Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Qinghai Province,Xi’ning 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院空间信息技术应用研究所,武汉430010 [2]长江科学院流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室,武汉430010 [3]长江科学院野外观测中心,武汉430010 [4]青海省水文水资源勘测局,西宁810001

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2018年第11期13-19,共7页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：水利部中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2017048/KJ;CKSF2017070/YB);中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目(2013015);科技部软科学研究计划项目(2012GXS2B008);长江科学院院级创新团队及培育期创新团队建设项目(CKSF2017063/KJ)

摘　　要：为了研究青藏高原典型河流与湖泊水体碳时空变化特征,采集了典型河流、湖泊、冰川等水体样品,通过实验室测试分析获取了总碳、无机碳和有机碳观测数据。结果表明青藏高原典型河流与湖泊水体碳以无机碳为主、有机碳为辅。其中,长江、黄河和澜沧江源区典型河流与湖泊水体总碳平均含量分别为62. 46,32. 88,17. 70 mg/L,长江南源当曲源、正源沱沱河源和北源楚玛尔河源水体总碳含量分别为32. 90,36. 56,32. 90 mg/L;青藏高原封闭性湖泊水体碳含量比河流水体较高,封闭性湖泊水体总碳、总无机碳和总有机碳平均含量分别为403. 82,398. 35,1. 24mg/L,而河流水体则分别为17. 03,14. 56,2. 46 mg/L,河流水体有机碳含量比封闭性湖泊水体较高。该成果可为我国青藏高原水域碳循环研究提供基础数据,对高海拔区域气候变化研究具有参考价值。Consecutive field investigations and observations were carried out over the Tibetan Plateau from 2014 to 2016 in order to obtain the temporal and spatial distribution of carbon in water from typical high-altitude rivers and lakes.Water from typical rivers,lakes and ice points were sampled to be analyzed using the vario TOC analyzer from German Elementar corporation in our laboratory.The total carbon concentration,total inorganic carbon concentration and total dissolved organic carbon concentration were obtained.Preliminary results show that inorganic carbon is the major form whereas organic carbon is the auxiliary form of carbon in water from typical rivers and lakes in the Tibetan Plateau and source region of three rivers,namely the Changjiang River,the Yellow River,and the Lancang River.The averaged concentration of total carbon in water from typical rivers and lakes over the source region of Changjiang River,Yellow River and Lancang River source area was 62.46 mg/L,32.88 mg/L,and 17.70 mg/L,respectively;while the total carbon concentration in the Dangqu River source(southern source),the Tuotuo River source(main source)and the Qumar River(northern source)was 32.90 mg/L,36.56 mg/L,and 32.90 mg/L,respectively.Over the Tibetan Plateau,the total carbon concentration and total inorganic carbon concentration in surface water from typical lakes(403.82 mg/L and 398.35 mg/L,respectively)were much higher than those from typical rivers(17.03 mg/L and 14.56 mg/L,respectively);however,total organic carbon concentration displayed an opposite trend,with 1.24 mg/L in lakes and 2.46 mg/L in rivers.The research results are of vital importance for the climate change and water resources and eco-environmental safety in the Tibetan Plateau and the source region of the three rivers.

关 键 词：水体碳含量 时空变化 青藏高原 河流与湖泊 三江源 

分 类 号：P342[天文地球—水文科学]