平衡施肥对油用牡丹生长与种子产量的影响  

Effects of balanced fertilization on growth and seed yield of Paeonia ostii cv. 'Fengdan'

作　　者：张利霞[1] 李明月 魏冬峰[1] 常青山[1] 侯小改[1] 周冰辉 娄本帅 李浩[1] ZHANG Li-xia;LI Ming-yue;WEI Dong-feng;CHANG Qing-shan;HOU Xiao-gai;ZHOU Bing-hui;LOU Ben-shuai;LI Hao(He′nan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2018年第5期58-68,共11页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(162102110095);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201610464073);河南科技大学大学生研究训练计划(SRTP)项目(2016136)

摘　　要：【目的】探明平衡施肥对油用牡丹‘凤丹’生长与种子产量的影响,建立平衡施肥对油用牡丹种子产量的函数模型,模拟出油用牡丹‘凤丹’的氮磷钾施肥最佳方案.【方法】采用"311-A"拟饱和最优回归设计,研究氮、磷、钾不同配比施肥处理对油用牡丹生长与种子产量的影响,建立油用牡丹种子产量的氮、磷、钾平衡施肥效应函数模型.【结果】氮、磷、钾3种肥料配施能够有效促进牡丹植株新生枝条生长、叶片增大,并促进株高、新梢条数、花直径、花高度与单株花数增加,有效增强植株的生长势.油用牡丹种子产量与氮、磷、钾施肥量的编码值之间存在显著的回归关系,并具有高度相关关系.施肥处理的种子产量显著高于对照,氮、磷、钾三因素、两因素配施对油用牡丹的生长指标和种子产量均具有显著的影响作用,氮、磷、钾肥对种子产量的影响作用大小顺序为钾肥>氮肥>磷肥.【结论】通过建立模型寻优获得最高种子产量对应的氮、磷、钾最优施肥组合为N 522.24kg/hm2,P_2O_5186.40kg/hm2,K_2O 190.92kg/hm^2,拟合的种子产量最大值为1 971.43kg/hm^2.【Objective】This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of N,P,K balanced fertilization on growth and seed yield of Paeonia ostii cv.Fengdan and to find out the optimum fertilization regime.【Method】The method of‘311-A’optimum regression design was used to establish the function model for N,P,K fertilizer effect.【Result】The results showed that the combined application of N,P and K fertilizers could effectively promote the growth of new shoots and leaves,and promote plant height,shoot number,flower diameter,flower height and flower number per plant,which effectively enhanced plant growth potential.There were significant regression and relative relations between seed yield and the application amount of N,P,K fertilizers.Seed yields in all fertilization treatments were higher than the control.Combined application of N,P and K fertilizers had a significant influence on seed yield,and the effect order of N,P and K fertilizers was K>N>P.【Conclusion】The optimum fertilization combination(N 522.24 kg/hm 2,P 2O 5 186.40 kg/hm 2,K 2O 190.92 kg/hm 2)was obtained through the optimization of N,P and K response function,and the fitting highest seed yield was 1 971.43 kg/hm 2.

关 键 词：油用牡丹 平衡施肥 种子产量 效应函数 生长 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]