节裂角茴香的化感作用及化感物质释放途径研究  

Study on allelopathy and allelochemicals release route of Hypecoum leptocarpum

作　　者：张小云 张新虎 沈慧敏 张君霞[2] ZHANG Xiao-yun;ZHANG Xin-hu;SHEN Hui-min;ZHANG Jun-xia(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2018年第5期69-78,86,共11页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2015A-070);甘肃农业大学林学院中青年科技基金

摘　　要：【目的】探明节裂角茴香化感作用及化感物质的释放途径.【方法】本研究以小麦、黄瓜、油菜和萝卜为受体植物,采用种子萌发法,测定节裂角茴香不同提取物对受体的化感作用.【结果】节裂角茴香不同部位浸提液对小麦、黄瓜、油菜和萝卜根、茎长、鲜质量均有较强的抑制作用,果浸提液对油菜和萝卜的根长相对抑制率为95.73%和85.74%,对油菜种子萌发和鲜质量的相对抑制率分别为79.66%、77.00%,节裂角茴香不同部位浸提液对油菜、黄瓜和萝卜的综合效应SE值分别为34.53%、28.87%和28.39%;茎、果和地上部浸提液对4种受体的综合效应SE值分别为36.91%、41.72%和35.42%;节裂角茴香化感物质不同释放途径对4种受体植物根长表现出较强的化感抑制作用,地上部浸提液、地上部挥发物、土壤残体分解物、根系分泌物、地上部淋溶物对油菜、萝卜、小麦、黄瓜4种受体植物的综合效应SE值分别为33.75%、27.37%、21.74%、21.04%.【结论】节裂角茴香主要化感物质存在于地上部位的果、茎、叶中,化感活性物质主要释放途径是地上部挥发,其次是土壤残体分解、地上部浸提液和根系分泌.【Objective】The allelopathy and allelochemicals release approaches of Hypecoum leptocarpum are studied.【Method】The extracts were obtained from different parts of H.leptocarpum and their allelopathy on wheat,cucumber,rape seeds and turnip was measured by using bioassay method.【Result】The results showed that the extracts from different parts significantly inhibited the root length,stem length,fresh weight of wheat,cucumber,rape and turnip.The relative inhibition rate of extract from fruit on root length of rape seeds and turnip was 95.73%and 85.74%,and it was 79.66%on rape seeds germination and 77.00%on rape seeds fresh weight.The synthetic effect of extracts from different parts on rape seeds,cucumber and turnip were 34.53%,28.87%and 28.39%.The synthetic effects of aqueous extracts from fruit,stem of aboveground on 4 receptor were 41.72%,36.91%and 35.42%.The allelopathic inhibitory effect of allelochemicals released from different routes on root length of 4 receptors was strong and the synthetic allelopathic inhibitory effects of aqueous extract of aboveground,volatiles of aboveground,soil storage decomposition,root secreta,eluviate of aboveground on 4 receptors SE were 33.75%,27.37%,21.74%and 21.04%respectively.【Conclusion】The allelochemicals of H.leptocarpum were mainly from fruit,stem,and leaf.And the allelochemicals release pathway was mainly the volatiles of aboveground,followed by soil residue decomposition,aqueous extract of aboveground and root secreta.

关 键 词：节裂角茴香 化感作用 释放途径 相对抑制率 综合效应 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]