不同类型竹叶花椒退耕地抗蚀性研究  

Study on the anti-erodibility of abandoned lands under different Zanthoxylum armatum types

作　　者：赵昌平[1] 王景燕[1] 龚伟[1] 林梅 唐海龙[1] 黄帅 熊靓 ZHAO Chang-ping;WANG Jing-yan;GONG Wei;LIN Mei;TANG Hai-long;HUANG Shuai;XIONG Jing(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,四川成都611130

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2018年第5期93-99,共7页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2001BA606A-06,2006BAC01A11,2011BAC09B05);四川省农作物育种攻关项目(2006YZGG-10,2011NZ0098-10,2016NYZ0035);四川省农业科技成果转化项目(16NZ0067).

摘　　要：【目的】明确竹叶花椒种植对土壤抗蚀性的影响,为竹叶花椒种植和椒园土壤管理提供参考.【方法】采用"时空互代法",以不同退耕年限竹叶花椒林(2、5、9和14a,分别以ZYJ2、ZYJ5、ZYJ9和ZYJ14表示)、弃耕地(14a,QGD)和农耕地(CK)为对象,研究土壤抗蚀性,运用隶属函数计算抗蚀性综合值和养分含量综合值,并探讨土壤抗蚀性与土壤肥力的关系.【结果】随着竹叶花椒种植年限的增加,土壤颗粒组成中小粒级(<0.05mm=含量增加和大粒级(>0.05mm)含量降低,土壤粘化现象明显;相反,微团聚体组成中小粒级(<0.05mm=含量降低而大粒级(>0.05mm)含量增加,小粒级微团聚体向大粒级微团体转化.退耕后土壤结构性颗粒指数、团聚状况、团聚度、物理稳定性指数和抗蚀性综合值和养分含量综合值均随竹叶花椒种植年限的延长而增加,且14a竹叶花椒林高于弃耕地;抗蚀性综合值与有机质、全氮、碱解氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量呈显著相关,也与养分含量综合值呈显著相关.【结论】竹叶花椒种植能够有效提高土壤抗蚀性,对改善土壤结构和提高土壤肥力具有重要作用;抗蚀性综合值对土壤肥力具有较好的表征作用.【Objective】To study the effects of Zanthoxylum armatum plantation on soil anti-erodibility,and to provide a reference for Z.armatum plantation and soil management.【Method】The interchangeable space-time method was used to study the soil anti-erodibility under Z.armatum at different plantation times(2,5,9 and 14 year-old were represented by ZYJ2,ZYJ5,ZYJ9 and ZYJ14,respectively),abandoned land(14 year-old,QGD)and farmland control(CK),and the subject function method was used to calculate comprehensive value of anti-erodibility and nutrient content.The relationships between the soil anti-erodibility and fertility were analyzed.【Result】With the increase age of Z.armatum plantations,the small size fraction(<0.05 mm=content was increased and large size fractions(>0.05 mm)content was decreased in the composition of soil particles,and the soil clayization was improved significantly.On the contrary,the small size fraction(<0.05 mm=content was decreased and large size fraction(>0.05 mm)content was increased in the composition of micro-aggregate,and the micro-aggregate was transited from small size fractions to large size fractions.The structure particle index,aggregation status,aggregation degree,physical stability index,comprehensive value of anti-erodibility and comprehensive value of nutrient were increased with the increase age of the Z.armatum plantations,and those in ZYJ-14 plantation was higher than that in abandoned land.Comprehensive value of anti-erodibility was significantly correlated with organic matter,total N,hydrolysis N,NH 4+-N,NO 3--N,available P and available K,as well as significantly correlated with comprehensive value of nutrient.【Conclusion】Planting Z.armatum effectively improve the ability of soil anti-dispersion,and are important to ameliorating soil structure and improve soil fertility.The comprehensive value of anti-erodibility could be good characterization of soil fertility.

关 键 词：竹叶花椒 土壤 抗蚀性 物理性质 养分 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]