基于直线约束条件的桥梁裂缝摄影测量方法  

Bridge crack photogrammetry based on line constraint condition

作　　者：杨朝辉[1] 唐毅[1] 陈志辉[1] 白俊武[1] YANG Zhaohui;TANG Yi;CHEN Zhihui;BAI Junwu(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,SUST,Suzhou 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《苏州科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期71-77,共7页Journal of Suzhou University of Science and Technology（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41301361);江苏省六大人才高峰资助项目(2014-NY-020);江苏省建设系统科技项目(2014JH35)

摘　　要：针对桥梁裂缝传统测量方法劳动强度大、工作效率低、危险性高等缺点,提出了一种基于直线约束条件的桥梁裂缝摄影测量方法。首先,设计平面标志牌并使用普通数码相机采集桥梁裂缝的单张影像;其次,基于直线约束条件进行相机标定并对原始影像进行畸变纠正;再次,使用圆点定位算子自动检测定位出标志牌上标志点位置,将其作为控制点建立影像平面坐标与物方空间坐标之间的二维线性空间变换关系;最后,使用基于全局优化相关系数的边缘检测算法精确提取桥梁裂缝边缘线,并基于最短距离法实现裂缝宽度的自动量测。实验结果表明,相机标定、拍摄角度与拍摄距离虽然都会影响桥梁裂缝的量测精度,但总体上该方法能够满足桥梁裂缝监测工程的要求,具有较强的经济性、安全性与实用性。Considering the strong labor intensity,low efficiency and high risk of regular bridge crack measurement,we proposed a bridge crack photogrammetry based on line constraint condition.Firstly,flat target was designed and single image of bridge crack was collected using a regular digital camera.Secondly,the original images were calibrated using line constraint-based camera calibration model.Thirdly,after automatic detecting and positioning on the flat target and using them as control points,we built 2D linear transformation between image coordinate system and space coordinate system.Finally,after extracting the edges of bridge crack by global optimization correlation coefficient-based edge detection algorithm,the width of crack was calculated automatically and precisely based on shortest distance algorithm.The experimental results show that although camera calibration,camera angle and camera distance may affect precision of bridge crack measurement,our method can meet the need of bridge crack monitoring.It has the advantages of low cost,high safety and practicability.

关 键 词：直线约束条件 摄影测量 桥梁裂缝 相机标定 边缘检测 

分 类 号：P232[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]