盐酸和氯酸钠浸出铜阳极泥中金的研究  

Study on leaching of gold from copper anode slime by hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorate

作　　者：张保平[1] 沈博文 师沛然 郭美辰[2,3] 刘运[2,3] Zhang Baoping;Shen Bowen;Shi Peiran;Guo Meichen;Liu Yun(State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Key Laboratory of Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学 [2]武汉科技大学省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430081 [3]武汉科技大学钢铁冶金及资源利用省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《武汉科技大学学报》2018年第6期422-428,共7页Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology

基　　金：武汉科技大学钢铁冶金及资源利用省部共建教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(FMRU201203);第47批教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目.

摘　　要：以铜阳极泥为原料,采用盐酸和氯酸钠为浸出剂,根据同时平衡原理,对浸出过程进行了热力学分析,考察了浸出时间、液固比、氯酸钠浓度和盐酸浓度对金浸出率的影响。研究结果表明,总金浓度[Au]T的降低和总氯浓度[Cl-]T的增加均有利于金的浸出。随着总氯浓度的增加,体系中含金物种的主要存在形态发生Au^(3+)→AuCl_3(aq)→AuCl_4^-→AuCl_2^-的转变,理论最佳浸出剂组成为盐酸与氯酸钠摩尔浓度比为6∶1。在搅拌速度为400r/min、液固比为4∶1、浸出时间为3h、盐酸浓度为3.0mol/L、氯酸钠浓度为16g/L、反应温度为25℃的条件下,金的最大浸出率为98.89%。Thermodynamic analysis of gold leaching from copper anode slime in sodium chlorate-hydrochloric acid system was made based on the principles of simultaneous equilibrium.Many influencing factors such as leaching time,liquid-solid ratio,and concentrations of sodium chlorate and hydrochloric acid were investigated.The results show that the decrease of total gold concentration[Au]T and the increase of total chlorine concentration[Cl-]T are beneficial to leaching of gold.With the increase of total chlorine concentration,the main form of Au in solution changes following the order of Au 3+AuCl 3(aq)AuCl-4 AuCl-2.The optimum molar concentration ratio of hydrochloric acid to sodium chlorate is 6∶1 in theory.The optimum leaching conditions are that the agitation speed is 400 r/min;the liquid-solid ratio,4∶1;the leaching time,3 h;the concentration of hydrochloric acid,3.0 mol/L;the sodium chlorate concentration,16 g/L;and the reaction temperature,25℃.Under these conditions,the maximum leaching rate of gold is 98.89%.

关 键 词：金 铜阳极泥 盐酸 氯酸钠 氯化浸出 同时平衡原理 热力学分析 浸出率 

分 类 号：TF831[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]