基于景观格局的武功山生态脆弱性动态演变与调控对策研究  

Dynamic Evolvement and Adjustment of Ecological Vulnerability in Wugong Mountain Based on Landscape Pattern

作　　者：张莹[1] 张学玲[2,3] 蔡海生 ZHANG Ying;ZHANG Xue-ling;CAI Hai-sheng(Key laboratory of Poyang Lake Watershed Agricultural Resources and Ecology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Vocational College of Teachers,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学职业师范学院,江西南昌330045 [3]江西省森林培育重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2018年第5期1021-1029,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划子课题(2012BAC11B06);国家自然科学基金项目(31560150;31660140);江西省科技计划项目(20144BBF60002);江西省自然科学基金(20161BAB204180);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ12218)~~

摘　　要：开展区域土地生态脆弱性时空变化研究对于合理利用土地资源和保护生态环境具有十分重要的指导意义。以江西省武功山为研究区,运用1995年、2015年两期遥感影像数据,在分析生态脆弱性概念与评价方法的基础上,依循"压力-状态-响应"评估框架,采用熵权法和景观格局指数法从生态压力度、敏感度、恢复力3个方面构建生态脆弱性评价模型,基于格网尺度对武功山生态脆弱性进行动态评价和分析。结果表明:(1)1995年各景观类型的脆弱度由高到低依次是耕地、林地和草地,而2015年各景观类型的脆弱度由高到低依次是耕地、草地和林地;(2)由武功山1995年、2015年生态脆弱性变化图可知,研究区生态良好区面积比重减少,由1995年占全区面积的86.08%减少到2015年的50.26%,轻、中、高脆弱区占全区面积比重增加,土地生态脆弱性不断加剧;(3)武功山1995—2015年生态脆弱性级别类型重心转移图表明:生态良好区逐渐向东北方向移动,而轻微脆弱区、中度脆弱区、高度脆弱区和极度脆弱区四区逐渐向东南方向移动。It is of important guiding significance for using land resources reasonably and protecting the eco-environment to study on spatiotemporal variation of regional land ecological vulnerability.According to the“pressure-state-response”assessment framework,this study took Wugong Mountain,Jiang’xi Province,as study area to construct natural ecosystem vulnerability assessment model from the three aspects of ecological supporting pressure,ecosystem sensitivity and ecological resilience by using entropy and landscape index based on remote sensing of 1995 and 2015.The ecological vulnerability of Wugong Mountain was analyzed and assessed dynamically based on grid scale.The results were as follows.(1)In 1995,the vulnerability degree of each landscape type followed the order of farmland>;grassland>;forestland and in 2015,the vulnerability degree of each landscape type followed the order of farmland>;forestland>;grassland.(2)The distribution map of the land ecological vulnerability showed that the proportion of the good area deceased year by year,from 86.08%to 50.26%.The proportion of slightly vulnerability,middle vulnerability and high vulnerability area increased.The land ecological vulnerability exacerbated.(3)The critical center migration map of the land ecological vulnerability level type showed that good area is gradually moving towards the northeast and slightly vulnerability,middle vulnerability,high vulnerability and extreme vulnerability area is gradually moving towards the southeast.

关 键 词：武功山 景观类型 生态脆弱性 重心变化 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]