多分量地震资料逆时偏移的难点问题  

Difficulties of Multi-Component Seismic Wave Reverse-Time Migration

作　　者：何兵寿[1,2,3] 唐朋威 李凯瑞 杨佳佳 HE Bing-Shou;TANG Peng-Wei;LI Kai-Rui;YANG Jia-Jia(Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Evaluation and Detection Technology Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China;Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266100,China;China Geological Survey Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [4]中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第1期77-84,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201822011);国家自然科学基金项目(41674118);国家科技重大专项项目(2016ZX05027-002);青岛海洋科学与技术国家开放基金项目(QNLM2016ORP0206)资助~~

摘　　要：以矢量地震波场理论为基础的多分量地震勘探技术在探明复杂地下构造和地层各向异性指示等方面具有理论基础的先天优势,弹性波逆时偏移是最具代表性的多分量地震资料纵横波联合成像技术,目前该技术得到了业界的广泛重视。本文首先简要介绍了弹性波逆时偏移的基本原理,在此基础上系统地归纳了目前多分量地震逆时偏移技术所遇到的部分理论与技术难题,并深入分析了产生这些技术难题的原因以及当前的解决方案及其优缺点,最后本文给出了多分量地震资料逆时偏移今后研究方向的初步建议。Multi-component seismic exploration based on the vector seismic wave theory has congenital advantage of theoretical basis in proving complex subsurface structure and indicating anisotropy.Elastic wave reverse-time migration(RTM)is the most typical method among the multi-component seismic P-wave and S-wave joint imaging technologies.Recently,it has attracted the attention of the geophysical researchers.Firstly,this paper briefly introduces the basic principle of elastic wave reverse time migration.Based on this,it systematically summarizes some of the theoretical and technical difficulties encountered by current multi-component seismic reverse time migration techniques,and analyzes these technical problems,the reasons for this,as well as the current solutions and their advantages and disadvantages in depth.At the end of this paper,the preliminary suggestions for future research directions of multi-component seismic data reverse time migration are given.

关 键 词：多分量地震资料 逆时偏移 频率一致性处理 宽频数据频散压制 震源子波设置 子波拉伸校正 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]