含炭量对木炭/聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响  

Effect of charcoal content on properties of charcoal/polypropylene composites

作　　者：张庆法[1,2] 蔡红珍 周亮[1,2] 张继兵 易维明 Zhang Qingfa;Cai Hongzhen;Zhou Liang;Zhang Jibing;Yi Weiming(School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy,Zibo 255000,China;Anhui Aile Door and Window System Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 234000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,淄博255000 [2]山东省清洁能源工程技术研究中心,淄博255000 [3]安徽爱乐门窗系统工程有限公司,宿州234000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第23期254-259,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：2016年山东省重点研发计划(重大关键技术)(2016ZDJS11A01);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(1704a0802138);山东省泰山学者特聘专家;山东省高等学校优势学科人才团队培育计划。

摘　　要：为了改善聚丙烯(polypropylene,PP)的力学性能,该文以木炭、聚丙烯(polypropylene,PP)为主要原料,采用双螺杆挤出机制备木炭/PP复合材料。并利用X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffractometer, XRD)、差式扫描量热仪(differential scanning calorimeter, DSC)、电子万能力学试验机、动态热机械分析仪(dynamic mechanical analyzer, DMA)、场发射扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)等仪器对复合材料进行性能特性的表征分析。试验结果表明,PP基体在高温下以流体的形式流入木炭的孔隙,并与木炭相互缠绕、粘结,形成一种界面较为致密的结构,这种结构使得复合材料具有较好的静态力学性能(拉伸强度最高为25.47 MPa)与动态力学性能(储能模量最高为4 921.92 MPa)。研究结果可为木炭在生物基材料方面的应用提供新的思路。As a green and environmental material,wood plastic composite is widely used in indoor and outdoor decoration,transportation,automobile and other fields for its low cost and good strength.However,there are a large number of hydrophilic polar groups on the surface of natural fiber materials,and the thermoplastic is non-polar,which creates a large number of voids in the material,making the mechanical properties of the material worse.Charcoal is produced from pyrolysis and carbonization of wood at high temperature.The polar groups on the wood surface are damaged by high temperature and the polarity is weakened,which make it easier to be compatible with thermoplastics.In this paper,charcoal/polypropylene(PP)composites were prepared by twin-screw extruder using charcoal and PP as the main raw materials.The properties of the composites were characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer(XRD),differential scanning calorimeter(DSC),electronic universal testing machine,dynamic thermal mechanical analyzer(DMA)and field emission scanning electron microscope(SEM).The experimental results showed that:1)the composites had obvious peaks at 14°/17°/18°and 27°which corresponded to the crystal plane(110)(040)(130)(002),showingα-crystalline form,respectively,and this was consistent with pure PP.The peak strength of each sample decreased with the increase of carbon content,this indicated that the increase of charcoal content had little effect on the microcrystalline structure of the composite,but it would decrease the diffraction peak strength of the composite.2)after the addition of charcoal,the melting temperature of the composite did not changed,but the crystallization temperature of the composite increased and the strength of the crystallization peak gradually decreased.This indicated that the addition of charcoal was beneficial to exothermic crystallization of composites and improved the thermal stability of composites.3)when the charcoal content was 20%,the tensile strength of the charcoal/PP composite was low,which was on

关 键 词：复合材料 聚丙烯 炭化 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]