《资本论》的方法问题研究  

Research on the Method of "Das Kapital"

作　　者：卫兴华[1] Wei Xinghua(School of Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院,北京100872

出　　处：《河北经贸大学学报》2018年第6期1-8,44,共9页Journal of Hebei University of Economics and Business

摘　　要：马克思对历史唯物主义的定义告诉我们,生产力决定生产关系,生产关系要适应生产力发展的规律是适用于一切社会制度的普遍规律,但这个规律是通过各社会的特殊规律变化表现出来的。《资本论》中讲历史唯物主义,重在阐明人类社会历史发展的客观规律,特别是资本主义经济发展的客观规律,其核心思想是要揭示资本主义最终被社会主义所代替的社会发展规律。《资本论》中所应用的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义方法论,是总体性和根本性的方法,此外,马克思还讲到其他较具体的方法,如"抽象力"方法,无论自然科学或哲学社会科学的研究,都需要应用抽象方法。讲马克思关于政治经济学或《资本论》的方法,需要正确理解和把握其所论述的历史方法和逻辑方法的关系,这是一个不可忽视的重要的方法论问题。Marx's historical materialism tells us that the definition of productivity determines production relations and productive relations should adapt to the rules of productive forcesdevelopment,which is a universal law applies to all the social system,but the law is the special law manifested through various social change.The historical materialism in"Das Kapital"focuses on clarifying the objective law of human society and history,especially the objective laws of capitalist economydevelopment,its core idea is to reveal the socialist rule of capitalism eventually replaced by the socialism.The application of dialectical materialism and historical materialism methodologyin"Das Kapital"is the overall and fundamental method,moreover,Marx also mentioned other more specific methods,such as"abstract"methods,regardless of the natural science or philosophy and social science research,they all need application abstract methods.Speaking of Marxist political economics or the method of"Das Kapital",need to correctly understand and grasp the relationship between historical method and logic method,it is an important methodological problems cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：资本论 辩证唯物主义 历史唯物主义 抽象力 历史方法 逻辑方法 

分 类 号：F091-0[经济管理—政治经济学]