西藏不同生长地砂生槐群体种子生物碱含量及其相关性分析  

Analysis on Contents and Correlation of Alkaloids in Sophora moorcroftiana of Different Growing Populations in Tibet

作　　者：王玉婷 普布次仁 麻文俊 刘莹[2] 单增罗布 WANG Yuting;PUBU Ciren;MA Wenjun;LIU Ying;DANZENG Luobu(Forest Science Research Institute of Tibet Municipality,Lhasa 850000,China;Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区林木科学研究院,拉萨850000 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2018年第10期1913-1917,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201504109);国家林业(含竹藤花卉)种质资源平台;西藏自治区科技计划重大专项(XZ201801-GA-12)。

摘　　要：为了明确不同群体间和群体内砂生槐天然种子富含生物碱含量与组成的差异,该研究选取来自西藏"一江四河"流域、海拔2 900~4 100m范围内10个群体的砂生槐种子作为研究材料,采用高效液相色谱法,测定10个群体300个单株种子重要生物碱(氧化苦参碱、苦参碱、槐果碱、槐定碱)含量,应用SPSS软件分析了地理分布特征与生物碱含量之间的相关性及群体遗传变异关系,以筛选生物碱含量较高的群体,为砂生槐药物开发利用提供依据。结果表明:(1)10个群体的砂生槐种子中均含有氧化苦参碱、苦参碱和槐果碱,含量依次为:氧化苦参碱(46.18~64.08mg/g)>苦参碱(1.14~9.82mg/g)>槐果碱(0.08~1.16mg/g),其中氧化苦参碱占生物碱总量的90%以上,且群体4中含量最高(64.08±7.37mg/g);其他微量生物碱在群体3中含量最高;群体间氧化苦参碱、苦参碱和槐果碱均差异极显著(P<0.01)。(2)氧化苦参碱群体内和群体间变异相对较小,苦参碱和槐果碱群体内和群体间变异系数均较大,而且氧化苦参碱和槐果碱的群体间变异均大于群体内变异,苦参碱的群体间变异小于群体内变异。(3)氧化苦参碱与海拔呈显著正相关关系(r=0.117*),苦参碱与海拔、经度和纬度均呈极显著负相关关系(r <-0.326**),其他关系不显著。氧化苦参碱与苦参碱和槐果碱均呈显著负相关关系(r <-0.162**),而苦参碱与槐果碱呈显著正相关关系(r=0.789**)。(4)聚类分析将10个群体聚为4类,各类间的距离差异比较大,且大多与地理因素有关。To clear the differences of alkaloid content and composition in natural Sophora moorcroftiana seeds among groups and within the group,the study chose S.moorcroftiana seeds from 10 groups lived at altitudes ranging from 2 900 meters to 4 100 meters in Tibet“one river and four streams”basin,adopted high performance liquid chromatography to measure important alkaloid content including oxymatrine,matrine,sophocarpine and sophoridine in 300 single plant seeds from 10 groups,used software SPSS for variance analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis,analyzed the relationship between geographic distribution and alkaloid content as well as heredity and variation among groups and screened out groups with higher alkaloid to provide S.moorcroftiana medicine exploitation and utilization with evidence.The result showed that:(1)oxymatrine,matrine and sophocarpine were all detected in S.moorcroftiana seeds of 10 groups and their contents were oxymatrine(46.18-64.08 mg/g)>matrine(1.14-9.82 mg/g)>sophocarpine(0.08-1.16 mg/g)in descending order,where oxymatrine content accounted for over 90%of total alkaloid,highest in group 4(64.08±7.37 mg/g);others were little alkaloid,highest in group 3.There were significant differences of oxymatrine,matrine and sophocarpine among groups(P<0.01).(2)Oxymatrine had relevant less variation within the group and among groups;matrine and sophocarpine had relevant more variation within the group and among groups;moreover oxymatrine and sophocarpine had relevant more variation among groups than within the group;matrine had relevant less variation among groups than within the group.(3)Oxymatrine had significant positive correlation with altitude(r=0.117*).Matrine had extremely significant negative correlation with altitude,longitude and latitude(r<-0.326**).Others did not have obvious relationship.Oxymatrine had significant negative correlation with matrine as well as sophocarpine(r<-0.162**),while matrine had significant positive correlation with sophocarpine(r=0.789**).(4)We could clarify

关 键 词：砂生槐 生物碱 群体 种子 

分 类 号：Q946.88[生物学—植物学] S718.43[农业科学—林学]