大葱挥发油的提取工艺、GC-MS分析及抗菌活性研究  

Extraction Process,GC-MS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Volatile Oil from Allium fistulosum L.

作　　者：李肖 周天天 郑吴殷晓 盛芬 段伟利 阮金兰[1,2] LI Xiao;ZHOU Tian-tian;ZHENG Wu-yin-xiao;SHENG Fen;DUAN Wei-li;RUAN Jin-lan(Wuchang University of Technology,Department of Life Sciences,Hubei Biopharmaceutical Diabetes Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center,Wuhan 430063,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武昌理工学院生命科学院,湖北省生物多肽糖尿病药物工程技术研究中心,武汉430063 [2]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,武汉430205

出　　处：《天然产物研究与开发》2018年第11期1863-1869,1897,共8页Natural Product Research and Development

基　　金：生物多肽糖尿病药物湖北省协同创新中心(鄂教科涵[2012]56号);湖北省生物多肽糖尿病药物工程技术研究中心项目(鄂科技通〔2014〕72号)。

摘　　要：为优化大葱挥发油提取工艺并建立气相-质谱联用法(GC-MS)分析大葱挥发油成分,并研究大葱挥发油的抗菌活性。本研究通过单因素实验和正交实验对超声时间,料液比和提取时间的考察,采用超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏的方法提取大葱挥发油,优化出大葱挥发油提取最佳工艺为超声40 min,料液比1∶3,蒸馏时间3 h。大葱挥发油实际提取率为0. 042 96%。运用GC-MS对其主要化学成分进行鉴定,通过NIST质谱库检索,鉴定了其中42个主要化合物,运用峰面积归一法确定各个组分的含量,其中主要物质为含硫化合物,含量较多的是氟胞嘧啶、烯丙基异丙基硫醚、丙烯基甲基硫醚,二甲基三硫化物、二丙基三硫化物、四硫化物、噻吩、噻烷和噻唑类。抗菌实验表明大葱挥发油对所选取得8种菌株均有很好的活性。本实验提取工艺优化后使提取率增加,抗菌实验表明大葱的挥发油具有抗菌作用,而成分分析鉴定出大量硫化物,可能为抑菌有效成分。This paper mainly studied the extraction processof the volatile oil from Allium fistulosum L.,and developed GC-MS to analyzz the chemical composition,and studied the antibacterial activity.The ultrasonic time,the ratio of material to liquid and the extraction were investigated by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The volatile oil of Allium fistulosum L.was identified by GC-MS and the antibacterial activity of the volatile oil was evaluated.The optimum extraction time were investigated by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The volatile oil of Allium fistulosum L.was extracted by ultrasonic assisted steam distillation.The main chemical components of the volatile oil were technology of volatile oil from Allium fistulosum L.was ultrasonic 40 min,material liquid ratio 1∶3 and distillation time 3 h.In this way the actual extraction rate of volatile oil from Allium fistulosum L.was 0.042 96%.GC-MS identified many chemical constituent.42 main compounds were identified by NIST mass spectral library search,and the main substance was sulfur compounds.such as fluorocytosine,allyl isopropyl sulfide,propylene methyl sulfide,dimethyl trisulfide,dipropyl trisulfide,tetrasulfide,thiophenet,hiane and thiazoles.The antibacterial experiments showed that the volatile oil from Allium fistulosum L.had good activity on the 8 strains selected.The optimized extraction process makes the extraction rate increase.The antibacterial experiment showed that the volatile oil of Allium fistulosum L.had antibacterial effect.A large amount of sulfide was identified by component analysis,which might be an effective antibacterial ingredient.

关 键 词：大葱 挥发油 GC-MS 抗菌活性 

分 类 号：R917[医药卫生—药物分析学]