异烟酸镧的合成及对PVC热稳定作用的影响  

Synthesis of Lanthanum Iso-nicotinate and Its Heat-stabilizing Effect on PVC

作　　者：柳召刚[1] 董昕 胡艳宏[1] 李梅[1] 王觅堂[1] 冯佳萌 LIU Zhaogang;DONG Xin;HU Yanhong;LI Mei;WANG Mitang;FENG Jiameng(School of Materials and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《中国塑料》2018年第11期109-115,共7页China Plastics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51564040);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2015MS0218);内蒙古科技大学产学研合作培育基金项目

摘　　要：以异烟酸、硝酸镧、氢氧化钠等为原料合成了异烟酸镧,并对合成的产物进行了分析与表征,通过刚果红试纸法和高温老化箱实验研究了异烟酸镧对聚氯乙烯(PVC)的热稳定作用及变色情况的影响,并与硬脂酸镧、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙和季戊四醇等热稳定剂对PVC的稳定性进行了比较,同时将异烟酸镧与其他稳定剂进行了复配。结果表明,异烟酸镧单独作为PVC稳定剂的稳定性效果不佳,长期稳定性一般,抗变色能力也不好;当异盐酸镧∶硬脂酸锌∶季戊四醇/份=3∶1∶1(质量份数比),总用量为PVC的2.5%时,PVC的稳定时间达到22min;异烟酸镧的稳定机理为:PVC分解释放出的HCl被异烟酸镧吸收生成了LaCl3,减少了HCl对PVC降解的催化作用,抑制PVC的降解。Lanthanum iso-nicotinate was synthesized by using nicotinic acid,lanthanum nitrate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials,and its structure and composition were analyzed and characterized.The effect of lanthanum iso-nicotinate on the thermal stability and discoloration of poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)was studied by means of the Congo red and high temperature aging methods.A comparative investigation on heat stability was also performed for the PVC compounds stabilized with different heat stabilizers including lanthanum stearate,zinc stearate,calcium stearate and pentaerythritol.The results indicated that lanthanum iso-nicotinate could not generate an ideal and long-term heat-stabilizing effect on PVC when used alone,and the anti-discoloration capability was also not good.The PVC compounds achieved the stability time of 22 min at a stabilizer loading of 2.5 wt%when the weight ratio of lanthanum iso-nicotinate/zinc stearate/pentaerythritol was set to 3/1/1.The stabilization mechanism of lanthanum iso-nicotinate could be attributed to the absorption of the HCl released by decomposition of PVC,resulting in the production of LaCl 3.This reduced the catalytic effect of HCl on the decomposition of PVC and thus inhibited its degradation.

关 键 词：聚氯乙烯 异烟酸镧 热稳定剂 稀土 复合稳定剂 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]