中国劳动力市场转型阶段职业性别隔离的新测度——基于K-M分解方法  

New Measurement of Occupational Gender Segregation in Transitional China:Based on K-M Decomposition Method

作　　者：张成刚[1] 杨伟国[2] ZHANG Chenggang;YANG Weiguo(School of Labor Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070,China;School of Labor Economics and Human Resources Management, Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京100070 [2]中国人民大学劳动人事学院,北京100872

出　　处：《人口与经济》2018年第6期53-63,共11页Population & Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"新就业形态对去产能职工就业帮扶机制与政策评估研究"(17CJY069);首都经济贸易大学校级科研项目(2017XJG015)

摘　　要：本研究区分了职业性别隔离水平和职业性别隔离程度两个概念,来对市场化转型阶段中国劳动力市场职业性别隔离进行测量。以往研究中使用总和指数所测量的职业性别隔离水平,无法将职业结构和性别结构变动的影响剔除。对于转型中的中国劳动力市场而言,职业结构和性别结构存在较大变动,可能导致对职业性别分布情况的测量偏差。本研究运用K-M分解方法,对1989—2006年中国劳动力市场以及分城乡、体制内外劳动力市场的职业性别隔离水平进行测量,并将职业性别隔离水平分解为能够真正测度职业—性别分布不均的职业性别隔离程度(组成效应)和混合效应。研究结果表明,职业性别隔离程度的上升、职业结构的变动都导致了转型阶段中国劳动力市场职业性别隔离水平上升。This study distinguished the concept of the level of occupational gender segregation and the degree of occupational gender segregation to measure occupational gender segregation in China transitional period.In previous studies,the level of occupational gender segregation measured by the summary indices can’t eliminate the impact of changes of occupational structure and gender structure.For a transitional labor market changed dramatically like China’s,the impact of occupational structure or gender structure on the level of occupational gender segregation could be huge.Using K-M method this study measures the level of occupational gender segregation of China’s labor market from 1989-2006 and decompose the level into degree of occupational gender segregation(composition effects)and mix effects.The results indicated the increasing level of occupational gender segregation in transitional period is due to not only the degree of occupational gender segregation but also the change of occupational effect.

关 键 词：职业性别隔离水平 职业性别隔离程度 Ip指数 K-M方法 

分 类 号：F240[经济管理—劳动经济] C913.2[经济管理—国民经济]