基于高德地图API的多种交通方式下城市公园时空可达性分析——以广州市海珠区为例  

Spatial and Temporal Accessibility Analysis of Urban Parks Based on Amap API by Means of Multiple Transportation:A Case Study of Haizhu District in Guangzhou

作　　者：黄应淮 刘小平[1] 刘艳平 张晗 HUANG Ying-huai;LIU Xiao-ping;LIU Yan-ping;ZHANG Han(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2018年第6期50-57,134,共9页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0604400);国家自然科学基金项目(41531176)

摘　　要：城市公园的空间可达性直接影响城市居民享受公园绿化的水平。在网络地理信息技术迅速发展、社交媒体数据大量涌现的背景下,该文利用高德地图API求取多种交通方式下的最短通行时间,结合微信热度数据通过引力模型进行广州市海珠区小区尺度的城市公园时空可达性分析。结果表明:骑行方式能够到达最近公园的平均时间为403s,在4种交通方式中最快;大多数公园服务于与其绿化面积相对应的人口数量,但上涌公园和沥滘公园呈现出高潜在服务人口和低服务能力的特点,会展公园呈现出低潜在服务人口和高服务能力的特点;80%的小区或居民可以获得相应甚至更好的公园绿化可达性,海珠区公园绿化布局整体上较为合理。低可达性、高人口密度的小区主要分布在海珠区西部和东部部分地区,是未来城市公园规划中应重点考虑的区域。Urban parks are the main leisure and recreational places for citizens,and their spatial accessibility is the key to offering sufficient service for citizens.In the context of the rapid development of web geography information technology and the massive emergence of social media data,this paper used the application programming interface(API)of Amap to find the shortest traffic time by means of multiple types of transportation.Based on the Wechat user data,the gravity model was used to analyze spatio-temporal accessibility of residential areas to urban parks in Haizhu District,Guangzhou.The results show that:the average time for bicycling to reach the nearest park is 403 s,and is the fastest way among the four types of transportation.Most of the parks serve population that are comparable to their capacity,but Shangchong Park and Lijiao Park serve a population size beyond their capacity,while Exhibition Park has high capacity with low potential service population.It is found that 80%of the residential areas and residents can get enough or even better access to urban parks,implying that urban parks are equitably distributed in the study area.The residential areas with low accessibility and high population density are mainly distributed in the western parts of Haizhu District,and should be firstly concerned in the future planning of urban parks.

关 键 词：公园绿地可达性 地图API 多种交通方式 微信数据 引力模型 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]