长江中下游地区人口健康水平空间分异特征与地理影响因子  

Differentiation Pattern of Population Health and Its Geographical Influencing Factors in the Middle-Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：杨振[1,2] 丁启燕 周晴雨 刘会敏[1,2] YANG Zhen;DING Qi-yan;ZHOU Qing-yu;LIU Hui-min(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079;Academy of Wuhan Metropolitan Area,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学武汉城市圈研究院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2018年第6期77-84,133,共9页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(16JZD015);湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(2016CFA027);华中师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金(CCNU18TS003);华中师范大学研究生优创项目(2018CXZZ005;2018YBZZ002)

摘　　要：以长江中下游地区为例,采用空间自相关方法考察各县级单元人口健康水平的空间集疏格局,利用变异函数方法分析健康水平空间分异随距离变化的总体特征与方向性规律,引入地理探测器方法考察典型自然、人文因子对健康空间分异格局形成的单一影响与交互作用。研究表明:1)2010年案例区人口健康水平高于全国均值,各县级单元人均预期寿命存在一定差异,总体上呈现"东高、西低"、"下游高、中游低"的空间格局,高值集聚区多分布在苏南、浙西、上海等地,低值区相对分散,多集中在鄂西、湘西、赣东南与皖北、苏北等地;2)健康水平的空间自相关最大距离为555km,空间总变异主要来源于结构性因素且具有明显的方向性,其中东-西方向的变异最大,东北-西南、西北-东南方向的变异依次降低,南-北方向的健康不均衡程度最低;3)自然与人文因子共同作用推动了健康空间分异格局的形成,因子解释力大小依次为经济密度、千人病床数、海拔高度、多年平均气温、生态系统类型、湿润指数、多年平均降水、地形坡度和干燥度。各因子交互作用的解释力均高于相应单因子解释力,人文因子之间以及人文因子与自然因子之间的交互作用对健康分异格局的塑造起主导作用。In this paper,the spatial autocorrelation method was used to study the spatial distribution pattern of the population health level at county-scale in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The variation function was employed to analyze the general characteristics and directionality of the health spatial differences change with distance.Furthermore,the geographic detector method was used to study the single and interaction impacts of the typical natural and human factors.The results showed that:1)In 2010,the population health level in the case area was higher than that of the national average,and the per capita life expectancy of the county-level units was different.On the whole,the spatial pattern was"high in the east and low in the west",and"high in the down reaches and low in the middle reaches".The distribution of high-value agglomeration areas was mainly in southern Jiangsu,western Zhejiang and Shanghai.The distribution of low-value areas was relatively scattered,which was concentrated in western Hubei,western Hunan,southeastern Jiangxi,northern Anhui and northern Jiangsu.2)The maximum spatial autocorrelation distance of health was 555 km.And the total spatial variation was mainly caused by structural factors,and had the obvious direction.The variation of the east-west direction was the largest while the variation of the northeast-southwest,northwest-southeast direction reduced in sequence.The health imbalance of south-north direction had the lowest degree.3)The natural geography and human factors promoted the formation of the health differentiation pattern.And the explanatory power of factors in descending order was economic density,sick beds per thousand people,altitude,perennial mean temperature,ecosystem type,humidity index,perennial mean precipitation,slope and aridity.The interactive explanatory power of factors was higher than that of the corresponding single factor.The interaction between human factors,and the interaction between natural factors and human factors played a leading role in the fo

关 键 词：健康水平 空间分异 变异函数 地理探测器 长江中下游地区 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]