在旧体诗词与新体小说之间——论王统照的文体选择  

Wang Tongzhao's Choice between the Genres of Old Poetry and New Novels

作　　者：李遇春[1] 鲁微 LI Yu-chun;LU Wei

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2018年第6期12-22,共11页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"多卷本<中国现当代旧体诗词编年史>编纂与研究及数据库建设";国家社科基金项目"民国旧体诗词编年史稿"(13BZW116);华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目"中国现当代旧体诗词编年史"(CCNU14ZO2017)研究成果

摘　　要：王统照虽以新文学家著称,但其旧体诗词造诣极深。王统照的旧体诗词与新体小说在题材与意蕴、意象与意境等方面有契合之处,这就构成了新旧两种文体的互渗与交集。在文体功能上,王统照的旧体诗词多为抒怀之作,直呈作者的内心世界,体现出"言志"特征;新体小说则成为王统照关注社会、描摹人生的启蒙工具,承担着"载道"职责。在宗教意识上,王统照的旧体诗词与东方佛教文化相契合,新体小说则传递西方基督教的文化思想。正是通过新旧两种文体的间离与分途,王统照文学世界的丰富性与立体性才得以凸显。在王统照不同的人生阶段中,他对新旧两种文体的选择呈现出一种错位关系,这构成了另一种艺术间离效果。当他主攻旧体诗词创作之时,新体小说几乎被搁置,而当他沉醉于新体小说创作之时,旧体诗词同样被弃置。相对而言,旧体诗词更多面向自我,主内主情,而新体小说则更贴近时代,主外主理,而文体选择则取决于作家的内在精神与外部语境的关系。Wang Tongzhao is known for his achievement in new literary writings(in particular novel writing),but he was also very good at old literary genres especially ancient Chinese poems.However,Wang’s old-style poems and new-style novels share great commonality in such aspects as the theme,implication,imagery and artistic conception,which constitutes the interaction and intersection of the two new and old genres.In the stylistic function,his old-style poems are mostly the works directly showing the author’s inner world and embodies the characteristic of the traditional Chinese poems which were intended to yanzhi言志(literally express the poets’aspirations);his new-style novels became his tool to do enlightenment by paying attention to the society and people’s life,thus fulfilling the long-pursued function of zaidao载道(literally to carry the principle)in Chinese literary tradition.In terms of the religious issues,Wang’s old-style poems are in accordance with the Eastern Buddhist culture,while his new-style novels convey the cultural thought of Western Christianity.It is such differences and divisions that fully display the richness of Wang Tongzhao’s literary world.At different stages of his life,Wang had different focuses in his literary creation:while he concentrated on old-style poems,he almost did nothing in new-style novel creation or vice versa.This kind of choice between the two literary genres constitutes a unique artistic feature(i.e.separation and dislocation in genres)of Wang’s literary works.This is closely related to the writer’s self-cognition.Comparatively speaking,the old-style poems is more selforiented,mainly expressing the inner mind,while the new-style novel is closer to the times,mainly expressing the general reason and principle.Therefore,it is safe to say that the choice of genre and style depends on the writer’s internal world and his external environment.

关 键 词：王统照 旧体诗词 新体小说 文体互渗 文体间离 文体错位 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]