九一八事变后日本政党的改造与变质  

The Transformation and Deterioration of Japanese Party after the September 18th Incident

作　　者：张东[1] ZHANG Dong(Department of History,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《安徽史学》2018年第6期91-99,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"一战后日本的‘转向’与对外战略误判研究"(17JJD770010);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"天皇制伦理对近代日本宪法学的侵入与畸化"(16YJC770038)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：九一八事变后,日本国内局势动荡,政党内阁无力主导政治,政友会与民政党的联合因各种分歧难以达成。政党与军部、官僚等势力对抗,但又不能真正决裂。在"举国一致"政治下,政党人士提出自我改造理念,如床次竹二郎的政党"大同团结"、久原房之助的一国一党论、永井柳太郎的组建新党等,虽有强化政党、恢复政治势力之意图,却反而削弱了自身正当性,政党已然变质。政党改造理念与"强力政治"、国家统制等构想相契合,无形中推动了近代日本政治朝向法西斯统治。After the September 18th Incident,the Japanese domestic situation was turbulent,the political party cabinet was unable to lead the political and the political association and the militia tried to unite because various disagreements were difficult to achieve.The political parties confronted with the military,bureaucrats and other forces,but they could not really broke with them.In the politics of“national unanimity”,political parties put forward the concept of self-transformation,such as the integration and solidarity of Tokonami TakejirōParty,Kuhara Bonosuke’s theory of“one nation,one party”,Nagai Ryutaro’s forming new party etc.,which would have strengthened political parties and restored political forces.However,they actually weakened their own legitimacy and the political parties have gone bad.The idea of political party transformation matched with the the“mighty politics”,national control and other ideas,which virtually promoted the modern Japanese politics toward the fascist rule.

关 键 词：举国一致 政党改造 一国一党 大政翼赞体制 

分 类 号：K313.4[历史地理—历史学]