固态^(13)C-NMR法表征渣油沥青质的结构组成  

Structure and Composition Characterization of Asphaltenes by Solid-Sate ^(13)C-NMR

作　　者：孙昱东 宋立飞 韩忠祥 王曜宸 陶义 SUN Yudong;SONG Lifei;HAN Zhongxiang;WANG Yaochen;TAO Yi(College of Chemical Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China;China Construction Installation Engineering Co,Ltd,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学化学工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]中建安装工程有限公司,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2018年第6期1149-1154,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(21376266)资助

摘　　要：以长庆常压渣油、胜利减压渣油和加拿大减压渣油为原料,研究了正庚烷沥青质的结构及组成,根据固态^(13)C-NMR分析结果,计算了沥青质分子的平均结构单元参数,并模拟出了沥青质的结构单元模型。结果表明,沥青质分子由4个左右的结构单元组成,每个结构单元包括5～7个缩合芳香环。沥青质中的饱和碳以环烷碳为主,并包含少量的短烷基侧链,沥青质的n(HS)/n(CS)在1.6左右。对于平均相对分子质量较大、具有较短烷基侧链和较少取代基的沥青质分子,由核磁共振氢谱计算其结构参数时,采用重油计算过程的假设——芳香环烷基侧链上α位及β位和β位以远的氢/碳比为2(x=y=2)是不合理的,可能会导致计算结果与沥青质的真实结构存在较大的误差。The structure and composition of n-heptane asphaltenes from Changqing atmospheric residue,Shengli vacuum residue and Canadian vacuum residue were studied with using solid-state 13 C-NMR.Based on solid-state 13 C-NMR characterization results,the average structure unit parameters of asphaltenes were calculated,and asphaltene structure unit model was simulated.Experimental and calculation results indicate that asphaltene molecules consist of about 4 structure units,each containing 5 to 7 ploy-aromatic rings.For saturated carbons in asphaltenes,there are mainly naphthenic carbons with a few short alkyl side chains.For asphaltenes with large average relative molecular mass,short alkyl side chains and less substituents,n(H S)/n(C S)of asphaltene is about 1.6.This indicates that there is a large error in the calculation of asphaltene structure parameters by following heavy oil calculation procedures,which assumes that n(H)/n(C)ofα,βand other alkyl side chains in aromatic rings is 2.

关 键 词：沥青质 结构组成 13 C-NMR 结构单元 模型 

分 类 号：TE624.4[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]