2015年尼泊尔廓尔喀MW7.8地震滑坡数据库  

DATABASE OF LANDSLIDES TRIGGERED BY 2015 GORKHA (NEPAL) M_W7.8 EARTHQUAKE

作　　者：许冲[1] 田颖颖[1] 沈玲玲[2] 马思远 徐锡伟 周本刚[1] 黄学强 马俊学 陈曦 XU Chong;TIAN Ying-ying;SHEN Ling-ling;MA Si-yuan;XU Xi-wei;ZHOU Ben-gang;HUANG Xue-qiang;MA Jun-xue;CHEN Xi(Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Volcano,Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Meteorological Information Center,Beijing Meteorological Service,Beijing 100089,China;Institute of Crustal Dynamics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100085,China;School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所,活动构造与火山重点实验室,北京100029 [2]北京市气象局,北京市气象信息中心,北京100089 [3]中国地震局地壳应力研究所,北京100085 [4]中国地质大学(北京工程技术学院),北京100083

出　　处：《地震地质》2018年第5期1115-1128,共14页Seismology and Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际合作项目(41661144037)资助。

摘　　要：文中基于地震前后高分辨率卫星影像的人工目视解译方法,结合野外实地考察,建立2015年4月25日尼泊尔廓尔喀M_W7.8地震触发滑坡数据库。结果表明本次地震触发了至少47 200处滑坡,这些滑坡在空间上大体呈NWW向分布,与地震发震构造位置与走向大体一致。这些滑坡的总面积为110km^2,分布在1个面积约35 700km^2的椭圆形区域内。根据地震滑坡"面积(A)-体积(V)"幂律关系式V=1.314 7×A^(1.2085),估计这些滑坡的总体积约9.64×10~8m^3。在滑坡分布的椭圆形区域内,滑坡点密度、面密度、体积密度分别为1.32km^(-2)、0.31%与0.027m。文中提供了1个全面详细的廓尔喀地震滑坡数据库,为分析地震滑坡机制、分布样式、规律与危险性评估等提供了重要的基础数据,也为全球视角下的多震例地震滑坡研究提供了1个俯冲带地区推覆断层型地震滑坡实例。In this study,a detailed database of landslides triggered by the 25 April 2015 Gorkha(Nepal)M W7.8 earthquake is constructed based on visual interpretation of pre-and post-earthquake high-resolution satellite images and field reconnaissance.Results show the earthquake triggered at least 47200 landslides,which have a NWW direction spatial distribution,similar with the location and strike of the seismogenic fault.The landslides are of a total area about 110km 2 and an oval distribution area about 35700km 2.On the basis of a scale relationship between landslide area(A)and volume(V),V=1.3147×A 1.2085,the total volume of the coseismic landslides is estimated to be about 9.64×10 8m 3.In the oval landslide distribution area,the landslide number density,area density,and volume density were calculated and the results are 1.32km-2,0.31%,and 0.027m,respectively.This study provides a detailed and objective inventory of landslides triggered by the Gorkha earthquake,which provides very important and essential basic data for study of mechanics of coseismic landslides,spatial pattern,distribution law,and hazard assessment.In addition,the landslide database related to an individual earthquake also provides an important earthquake case in a subduction zone for studying landslides related to multiple earthquakes from a global perspective.

关 键 词：廓尔喀MW7.8地震 同震滑坡 滑坡数量 滑坡面积 目视解译 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]