磷酸脒基脲和季戊四醇磷酸酯复合改性MUF木材涂料的阻燃性能研究!  

Wood amino-resin coatings using synergistic fire-retardant modification of pentaerythritol phosphate and guanylurea phosphate

作　　者：张其 肖泽芳 龚宸 王清文 谢延军 张志军[1,2] ZHANG Qi;XIAO Zefang;GONG Chen;WANG Qingwen;XIE Yanjun;ZHANG Zhijun(Key Lab of Bio-material Science&Technology of Ministry of Education(Northeast Forestry University),Harbin 150040,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;College of Materials and Energy,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]生物质材料科学与技术教育部重点实验(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150040 [3]华南农业大学材料与能源学院,广州510642

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2018年第6期48-55,共8页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31470585;31500469)

摘　　要：以三聚氰胺脲醛树脂(MUF)为成膜物质,磷酸脒基脲(GUP)、季戊四醇磷酸酯(PEPA)复配物为阻燃物质,水为溶剂,合成了一种水性透明的膨胀型阻燃涂料。研究了GUP与PEPA摩尔配比对该涂料的膨胀度、残炭率、酸度及透明度的影响,确定了阻燃体系的最佳摩尔配比为n(GUP):n(PEPA)=1.8∶1。利用优选配方涂料对胶合板基材进行涂覆,获得阻燃胶合板(Ply-C)。采用热重分析(TGA)和锥形量热仪(Cone)对Ply-C、胶合板素板(Ply-A)以及仅MUF涂覆的胶合板(Ply-B)的热分解、燃烧特性以及残炭形貌进行了对比研究。PEPA、GUP与MUF各涂料组分以及涂料固化涂层的热重(TG)分析表明,PEPA与GUP在热分解过程中具有一定协同作用,共同作为酸源促进炭质骨架的形成,使阻燃体系在不同的温度区间内显示出良好的阻燃作用。与Ply-A、PlyB相比,Ply-C的热释放速率、烟释放速率显著降低,表现出良好的阻燃抑烟性能。SEM分析表明,燃烧后的胶合板Ply-C木材结构完整,膨胀炭层表面致密性良好。因此,PEPA协同GUP能够合成性能优异的透明膨胀阻燃木材涂料。Intumescent water-based wood flame-retardant coatings have the advantages of simple preparation,excellent performance and environment-friendly characteristics.It can form an intumescent foam quickly on wood surface during fire occurring,which can effectively protect the substrate and reduce the fire risk.However,the existing products are generally opaque and would cover the beautiful texture of wood surface.In this study,a novel aqueous transparent intumescent fire-retardant was synthesized using the pentaerythritol phosphate(PEPA)and guanylurea phosphate(GUP)as fire-retardant system,the melamine-urea-formaldehyde(MUF)resin as binder,and water as solvent.The formula was optimized according to the intumescent degree,char residue,and film transmittance.The optimum molar ratio of GUP to PEPA was set to be 1.8∶1.The thermal decomposition of the various coating compositions was analyzed using the thermogravimetry(TG).The combustion behaviors of the uncoated plywood(Ply-A)and coated with the prepared coating(Ply-C)and MUF(Ply-B)were tested using the cone calorimetry;the surface morphologic characteristics of the residues after combustion were analyzed using the scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results of TG analysis showed that the flame-retardant coating had a large range of thermal weight loss,and it mainly occurred between 150℃and 300℃,which closely matched the thermal decomposition temperature of wood(200-260℃).The PEPA and GUP have a synergistic effect for promoting the formation of carbon skeleton during thermal decomposition.This endowed the system a good flame-retardant performance in wide temperature range.The cone calorimetric results indicated that the intensity of heat release rate(HRR)and smoke production rate(SPR)of Ply-C was substantially reduced compared to Ply-A and Ply-B,suggesting an improved fire-retardancy by the prepared coating.The SEM results showed that the Ply-C presented an integral,compact,and porous carbon layer on the well-protected wood char after combustion.These findings de

关 键 词：透明膨胀涂料 季戊四醇磷酸酯 磷酸脒基脲 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：S785[农业科学—林学]