粉煤灰漂珠对热塑性聚氨酯弹性体阻燃性能的影响  

Influence of Fly-ash Floating Beads on Flame Retardant Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane

作　　者：王洪志[1] 焦传梅[1] WANG Hongzhi;JIAO Chuanmei(College of Environment and Safety Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《青岛科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第6期63-70,共8页Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51106078;51206084)

摘　　要：为加强对粉煤灰漂珠(FB)的综合利用及热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)的广泛使用,将FB作为一种阻燃剂应用到TPU当中。通过扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDS)手段研究了FB的结构与元素分布特点。通过锥形量热仪(CCT)、烟密度仪(SDT)、热重红外联用(TG-IR)等方法测试了复合材料的热、烟及热降解性能。CCT实验结果显示,随着FB添加量的增加,复合材料的热释放速率(HRR)、总热释放(THR)、生烟速率(SPR)等明显降低。其中,当FB添加量为2%(质量分数)时,HRR峰值(452.9kW·m-2)与SPR峰值(0.075m2·s-1)比纯TPU的HRR峰值(1 036.2kW·m-2)与SPR峰值(0.163m2·s-1)分别降低了61.4%,54.0%,显著地降低了复合材料的生热及生烟性能。SDT实验表明:在无焰或有焰条件下,FB均能够使得光通量(LF)显著提高。TG-IR结果显示:FB能够提高TPU的热稳定性,降低烟颗粒及有毒、有害气体的生成。In order to enhance the comprehensive utilization of fly-ash floating beads(FB)and the extensive use of thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU),FB was used as a flame retardant and applied in flame retardant TPU in this paper.The structure and element distribution properties of FB were characterized by SEM-EDS methods.And,the heat,smoke and thermal degradation properties of the composites were tested by cone calorimeter test(CCT),smoke density test(SDT)and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry(TG-IR),respectively.The CCT results showed that the heat release rate(HRR),total heat release(THR)and smoke production rate(SPR)of TPU composite were significantly reduced with the addition of FB.Remarkably,for the sample with 2%FB,the peak value of HRR(452.9 kW·m-2)and SPR(0.075 m 2·s-1)were reduced by 61.4%and 54.0%compared with the peak value of HRR(1 036.2 kW·m-2)and SPR(0.163 m 2·s-1)of pure TPU.The heat and smoke generation properties of composite were significantly reduced.The SDT results indicated that FB could greatly improve the luminous flux(LF)of TPU composites in the test without flame or with flame.TG-IR results revealed that FB could not only improve the thermal stability of TPU,but also reduce the production of smoke particles,toxic and hazardous gases.

关 键 词：粉煤灰漂珠 热塑性聚氨酯弹性体 阻燃 热降解 

分 类 号：TQ328[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]