海洋酸化的生理生态效应及其与升温、UV辐射和低氧化的关系  

Ecological and Physiological Effects of Ocean Acidification and Their Correlations with Warming,UV Radiation and Deoxygenation

作　　者：高坤山[1] GAO Kunshan(State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第6期800-810,共11页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41721005;41720104005;41430967);国家基金委-山东省联合基金项目(U1606404)

摘　　要：海洋以每小时超过100万t的速率,从大气中吸收矿物燃料衍生及人类排放的CO2,引起海水pH下降,导致海洋酸化.与此同时,全球变暖引起海洋升温,使得上部混合层变浅,导致该层内营养盐减少,浮游生物接受可见光和UV的辐射量增加,并且使得O2的溶解度降低,引起低氧化.这些海洋变化问题在全球范围内普遍存在,然而,不同海域的环境响应和生态效应有所不同.主要综述全球海洋酸化问题研究进展,突出升温、UV辐射影响下的酸化效应,进而结合南海相关的研究进展分析未来研究动态.The oceans are taking up over one million tons of fossil CO 2,resulting in increased dissolved CO 2 and declining pH,leading to ocean acidification.Meanwhile,global warming due to accumulated CO 2 and other greenhouse gases is causing ocean warming,which enhances stratification with thinned upper mixed layers,exposing planktonic cells or individuals within this layer to increasing levels of daytime integrated visible light as well as UV radiation.Ocean warming also reduces dissolved oxygen in seawater,resulting in ocean deoxygenation.All these ocean global changes are supposed to influence marine ecosystems in different regions.However,regional responses and ecological effects are expected to differ based on the documented knowledges.This review overviews the research advances in ocean acidification,highlighting the combined effects of ocean acidification with warming and solar UV radiation,and analyzes future research perspectives and then proposes some scientific hypothesis.

关 键 词：海洋酸化 低氧化 海洋升温 UV辐射 海洋生物 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]