地椒小孢子发生和雄配子体发育  

Microsporogenesis and Male Gametogenesis of Thymus quinquecostatus

作　　者：王艳杰[1] 任文秀 孔冬瑞[1] WANG Yanjie;REN Wenxiu;KONG Dongrui(School of Life Science,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期779-782,共4页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：鲁东大学博士启动基金(LY2015014)

摘　　要：【目的】增加唇形科胚胎学资料,为澄清百里香属系统学位置提供胚胎学依据,为百里香的引种驯化提供基础资料。【方法】常规的石蜡切片法。【结果】花药具四小孢子囊。花药壁为双子叶型的发育方式,由表皮、药室内壁、中层以及绒毡层4层细胞构成。药室内壁细胞以及部分药隔细胞细胞壁具纤维性加厚。腺质绒毡层细胞具二核,药隔向花粉囊内突起形成具绒毡层功能的花粉囊类胎座。小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中胞质分裂属于同时型,形成的四分体为四面体型。成熟花粉粒是三细胞型,具6个萌发沟。花粉粒败育普遍。【结论】小孢子发生和雄配子体发育特征,尤其花粉粒具三细胞和6个萌发沟支持分子系统中将地椒所在的百里香属从野芝麻亚科转移至荆芥亚科的处理,花粉败育可能是导致地椒结实率低的原因之一。[Purposes]In the present investigation,we aimed to accumulate embryological data of Lamiaceae,to provide embrilological evidence on clarification of the systematic position of Thymus,and to provide base data on the introduction and cultivation of Thymus quinquecostatus.[Methods]Conventional paraffin method was used.[Results]Each anther has four sporangia.Development of the anther wall belongs to the dicotyledonous type and the anther wall comprises of epidermis,endothecium,one middle layer,and the tapetum.The cell wall of endothecium and part of connective tissue cells have fibrous thickening.The cells of glandular tapetum were 2-nucleate.Cytokinesis of the microspore mother cell is simultaneous,resulting in the tetrahedral tetrad.The mature pollen grain is 3-celled and hexacolpate.Pollen abortion is common.[Conclusions]The characteristics of microsporogenesis and male gametogenesis of T.quinquecostatus,especially the 3-celled and hexacolpate mature pollen grain support moving Thymus from Lamioideae to Nepetoideae in molecular systematic classifications.Pollen abortion maybe is one of the factors leading to low seed setting rate.

关 键 词：地椒 小孢子发生 花粉粒发育 花粉败育 

分 类 号：Q944.42[生物学—植物学]