新平县茶园土壤养分特征及肥力质量评价  

Nutrient Characteristics and Assessment for the Fertility Quality of the Tea Plantation Soils in Xinping County

作　　者：温继良 周元清[2] 杨东华 普金安 李淑英[2] 卢国理[2] 朱春蓉[2] 张翠萍[2] WEN Jiliang;ZHOU Yuanqing;YANG Donghua;PU Jinan;LI Shuying;LU Guoli;ZHU Chunrong;ZHANG Cuiping(State-owned Assets Management Bureau,Yuxi Normal University,Yuxi 653100,China;Research Center for Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration,Yuxi Normal University,Yuxi 653100,China;Xinping Yi-Dai Autonomous County Economic Crops Work Station,Xinping 653400,China)

机构地区：[1]玉溪师范学院国有资产管理处,云南玉溪653100 [2]玉溪师范学院污染控制与生态修复研究中心,云南玉溪653100 [3]新平彝族傣族自治县经济作物工作站,云南新平653400

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期925-933,共9页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460144;31670472);国家艺术基金青年项目(15CD137)

摘　　要：【目的】研究新平县茶园土壤肥力状况,为新平县茶园高效养分管理提供参考依据。【方法】通过野外调查和室内分析,应用模糊综合评判法,以9项土壤肥力质量指标为评价依据,对新平县8个主要种植茶园土壤肥力质量进行数值化综合评价。【结果】新平县茶园土壤pH为4.40～5.83,符合优质高产茶园要求,有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)、有效氮(AN)、有效磷(AP)、有效钾(AK)平均含量分别为57.1 g/kg、0.269%、0.077%、1.51%、206.3 mg/kg、11.0 mg/kg、154 mg/kg,均为Ⅰ级标准,阳离子交换量(CEC)平均含量为15.95 cmol/kg,属于Ⅱ级标准;茶园土壤肥力指数(IFI)为0.769,为Ⅰ级(高等水平),依次是者竜乡(0.877)>戛洒镇(0.851)>漠沙镇(0.807)>平掌乡(0.799)>水塘镇(0.796)>建兴乡(0.734)>平甸乡(0.647)>新化乡(0.642),Ⅰ级(高等水平)占75%,平甸乡和新化乡属Ⅱ级,处于中上水平;土壤中TP、TN、OM、CEC、AK、AP含量对土壤肥力的影响较大。【结论】新平县茶园土壤肥力水平达到I级标准,但AP含量相对偏低,需要有针对性的增施磷肥。[Purposes]The soil fertility status of tea plantation in Xinping County was studied to provide a reference for the high-efficiency nutrient management of tea plantations in Xinping County.[Methods]Through field investigation and indoor analysis,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied.Based on 9 soil fertility quality indexes,we evaluated comprehensively the quality of soil fertility of 8 main tea plantations in Xinping County.[Results]The soil pH of tea plantation was between 4.4-5.83 and the soil pH had reached the requirement of high quality tea plantation in Xinping County.The average content of organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN),total phos-phorus(TP),total potassium(TK),effective nitrogen(AN),effective phosphorus(AP)and effective potassium(AK)were 57.1 g/kg,0.269%,0.077%,1.51%,206.3 mg/kg,11.0 mg/kg and 154 mg/kg,respectively.The nutrient index of the tea plantation soil had reachedⅠ-level standard except for average content of cation exchange capacity(CEC).The soil fertility index(IFI)of tea plantation was 0.769 and for higher levels,in turn,was Zhelong(0.877)>Gasa(0.851)>Mosha(0.807)>Pingzhang(0.799)>Shuitang(0.796)>Jianxing(0.734)>Pingdian(0.647)>Xinhua(0.642),higher level 75%,upper level accounted for 25%.The contents of TP,TN,OM,CEC,AK and AP in soil had great influences for fertility quality.[Conclusions]The soil fertility of the tea plantation in Xinping County is generally higher,but the content of AP is relatively low,and the phosphate fertilizer should be emphasized to promote.

关 键 词：茶园土壤 土壤养分 肥力质量评价 模糊综合评判法 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]