氮素水平对烤烟生长及经济效益的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application Amount on Growth and Economic Performance of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：李淮源 雷佳[2] 刘永来[2] 钟俊周 张金霖 陈建军[1] LI Huai-yuan;LEI Jia;LIU Yong-lai(South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Limited Company,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510610)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,广东广州510642 [2]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广东广州510610 [3]广东烟草韶关市有限公司,广东韶关512000 [4]广东烟草清远市有限公司,广东清远513400

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第33期126-129,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(粤烟工[2016]科字第1号);广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(粤烟工[2017]科字第003号)

摘　　要：[目的]确定韶关烟区的适宜施肥量。[方法]以烤烟品种(系) K326和韶烟1号为材料,以当地推荐施氮量为对照,研究增施30%和减施30%氮素对韶关烟区烤烟生长及经济效益的影响。[结果]随着施氮水平的提高,烤烟株高、茎围显著增加,叶长、叶宽呈增加趋势;烤烟进入团棵期的日期依次提前,进入现蕾期的日期依次向后推迟,旺长时间及进入现蕾天数均增加。增施氮肥,显著提高产量。而均价、中上等烟叶比例及产值在施氮量达到一定程度后又呈显著下降趋势。[结论]合理施用氮肥可促进烟株早生快发,获得适宜的大田生育期。施氮量为115.5或165.0 kg/hm2具有较优的效益。[Objective]To identify the satisfactory amount of nitrogen fertilizer usage in Shaoguan Guangdong Province.[Method]Using K326 and Shaoyan No.1 as experimental material,the effects of different nitrogen rates on growth and economic performance were studied.[Result]Improving nitrogen fertilizer increased the plant height and stem significantly and were propitious to increase the leaf length and leaf width.The date of resettling growth stage of flue-cured tobacco was in advance and the date of squaring stage was postponed in turn,so the vigorous growing period prolonged.Nitrogen improved tobacco yield significantly,but average price,ratio of medium-topped tobacco and output could firstly increase and then decrease with the increasing of nitrogen rates.[Conclusion]Reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the early growth and rapid development of tobacco plants and obtain suitable field growth period.When the amount of nitrogen fertilizer usage is 115.5 or 165.0 kg/hm 2,the economic performance is better.

关 键 词：烤烟 氮素水平 适宜施氮量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]